Digestion 3.1.1/3.1.2
- Created by: EleanorRose.
- Created on: 01-02-15 16:12
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- Digestion
- Digestion is progressive hydrolysis
- Starch to maltose to glucose by adding more water each time
- Starch is a polymer and a polysaccharide
- Maltose is a disaccharide
- Glucose is a monomer and a monosaccharide
- Starch to maltose to glucose by adding more water each time
- Mammals use enzymes as biological catalysts to speed up digestion as the enzymes breaks the food into more soluble, smaller pieces
- Gut functions
- Mechanical digestion
- Breaking up chunks of food- it occurs in the mouth and stomach
- Chemical digestion
- Breaks bonds
- Absorption
- Excretion/ egestion
- Waste removal
- Mechanical digestion
- Gut structure
- Mouth to oesophagus to stomach to duodenum to ileum to colon to rectum to anus
- Glands outside the gut wall
- Salivary glands, liver, gall bladder, pancreas
- 3 main layers
- Muscle as the outer layer for churning and perastalsis
- Submucosa is the middle layer for transport
- Mucoasa as the inside layer has various levels of folding
- Chemical digestion is when a substrate is hydrolysed by an enzyme
- Starch to maltose by adding water and amylase then the products are absorbed
- Process of digestion
- 1. Mouth - physical digestion, salivary amylase is made to aid carbohydrate digestion, chemical digestion begins, extracellular digestion occurs, saliva lubricates food for ease movement
- 2. Oesophagus- mucus lubricates to food to aid peristalsis down the osephagus
- 3. Stomach- food can be stored, protein digestion begins, churning of the food occurs
- 4. Duodenum- most of the digestion occurs here, enzyme production occurs
- 5. Ileum - digestion is completed, absorption occurs
- 6. Colon - water and ions are remove, faeces are formed
- 7. Rectum - faeces are stored
- Carbohydrate digestion begins in the mouth and finishes in the duodenum and occurs via the use of pancreatic amylase which hydrolyses the sugar bonds creating pairs of sugars - disaccharides
- Digestion is progressive hydrolysis
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