Demography
- Created by: A-bee
- Created on: 22-05-17 17:16
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- Demography
- Births
- more women are remaining childless and postponing childbirth
- changes in the position of women
- legally equal to men - 1975 Sex Discrimination Act
- increased educational opportunities for women
- more women in paid employment and equal rights
- changes in attitudes
- access to abortion and the contraceptive pill
- decline in the infant mortality rate
- in 1900 it was 154, but in 2007 it was 5
- better health care
- rising living standards
- increased monitoring of child's welfare
- children as an economic liability
- changes in laws - child labour banned and compulsory education
- changing norms
- child centredness
- 'quality over quantity'
- Death rates
- deaths in the UK remained fairly stable
- sharp rises in the 20th century due to both wars and diseases of affluence (cancer, heart rate)
- increasing life expectancy - depends on class, gender and region
- less young and more old
- consume a larger proportion of public services
- increase in one-person pensioner housing
- less people will be working and paying taxes (d.r)
- Migration
- for most of the 20th century, the growth of the population was due to natural increase
- until the 80s immigration was lower that emigration
- push factors: high crime, lack of services, lack of jobs
- pulls factors: good climate, better jobs, better services
- migration has risen
- people coming into Britain tend to be young and coming to work, those leaving are often old and go to retire
- the more workers reduce the d.r, but immigrant women have a higher fertility rate which increases it. they grow up to work
- Births
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