Environmental ethics - Deep ecology
- Created by: Alasdair
- Created on: 21-05-17 10:54
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- Deep Ecology
- Outline
- Also known as Libertarianism
- Follows argument of Intrinsic Value, that all aspects of the environment are of worth and have intrinsic value in their own right
- Leopold
- "A thing is right when it tends to preserve the beauty, integrity and stability of the bionic community. It is wrong when it does otherwise."
- There is a need to develop ethics with man's relationship (enjoyment, how we feel) to land, animals and plants that extends beyond our social conscience.
- It is not right to see world simply in its economic worth to humans
- Arne Naes (1973)
- Deep Ecology is concerned with richness, diversity and intrinsic value of all natural world
- Argues for inherent worth of all environment - e.g. a tree to live and blossom
- Ecosophy = Philosophy of Ecological Harmony or Equilibrium
- Nature does not exist to serve humans
- Naes opposed Christian view of Stewardship as being arrogant and depending on idea of superiority which underlies thought that humans exist to watch over nature
- Naes and Sessions developed Platform of Ecosophy
- 1. All life has value independent to its usefulness to humans
- 2. Richness and Diversity contribute to life's well-being and have value in them
- 3. Humans have no right to reduce this richness and diversity except to satisfy vital needs
- 4. The impact of humans in world is excessive and rapidly getting worse
- 5. Human lifestyles and populations are key elements
- 6. Diversity of life, including cultures, can flourish only with reduced human impact
- 7. Basic ideology: political, economical and technological structures must change
- 8. Those who accept obligations must do so peacefully
- Evalutation
- Leopold (1949) - There is need to develop ethics to deal with man's relationship to land, animals and plants that extends beyond our social conscience. It is not right to see world simply in its economic worth to humans.
- There are rules provided therefore guidance
- It allows for human flourishing (link to eudemonia)
- Good definition of what is right/wrong
- Sometimes exploitation for economic reasons can be beneficial
- Who decides what should be prioritised
- Some humans rely on the environment
- Arne Naes (1973) - Nature does not exist to serve humans
- Intrinsic value of all parts of the environment (not just animals)
- Prevention of exploitation of the environment
- Equal rights given to organisms that might kill us (e.g. diseases)
- Naes and Sessions - purpose for humans
- Greed + exploitation prevented
- Population aspect could lead to infringement of human rights
- Some resources vital
- Might prove impractical (economically and people living in small reliant communities)
- Not defined whether it applies to sentients/non-sentients + vital needs undefined
- Change is problematic
- Untitled
- Leopold (1949) - There is need to develop ethics to deal with man's relationship to land, animals and plants that extends beyond our social conscience. It is not right to see world simply in its economic worth to humans.
- Outline
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