Covalent substances
- Created by: Zoe
- Created on: 23-01-13 20:17
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- Covalent Substances
- simple molecular substances
- Forces of attraction between these molecules > weak
- Feeble intermolecular forces > melting/ boiling points > low
- molecules are easily parted (intermolecular forces break when simple molecular substances melt or boil)
- Feeble intermolecular forces > melting/ boiling points > low
- Atoms form strong covalent bonds to form small molecules of several atoms
- Mainly gases or liquids
- At room temperature
- Don't conduct electricity
- No ions > no electrical charge
- Forces of attraction between these molecules > weak
- Macromolecules
- Giant covalent structures
- Similar to giant ionic structures > Lattices
- Atoms bonded to each other by strong covalent bonds
- High melting points
- Don't conduct electricity
- High melting points
- Diamond/ Graphite
- Both made from carbon atoms and silicon dioxide
- Diamond
- Each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds in a rigid giant covalent structure
- Hardest natural substance
- Used for drill tips
- Graphite
- Each carbon atom forms 3 covalent bonds
- Creates layers that slide over each other
- Each carbon has 1 delocalised electron
- Soft and slippery
- Weak intermolecular forces between layers
- Only non metal > good conductor of heat/ electricity
- Each carbon atom forms 3 covalent bonds
- Silicon Dioxide
- Silica
- What sand is made of
- Each grain of sand is one giant structure of silicon and oxygen
- simple molecular substances
- Diamond
- Each carbon atom forms four covalent bonds in a rigid giant covalent structure
- Hardest natural substance
- Used for drill tips
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