Communicable diseases
- Created by: MelMel
- Created on: 03-04-18 12:37
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- Communicable diseases
- Viral diseases
- Measles
- Spread by droplets from an infected person's cough or sneeze
- Red skin rash, signs of fever
- Can sometimes lead to pneumonia (a lung infection) or encephalitis (a brain infection)
- Most people are vaccinated against measles when they're young
- HIV
- Spread by sexual contact or by exchanging bodily fluids such as blood (e.g. when sharing needles when taking drugs)
- Causes flu-like symptoms for a few weeks; usually the victim doesn't experience any symptoms for several years
- During this time, HIV can be controlled with antiretroviral drugs that stop the virus from replicating
- The virus attacks the immune cells
- If the body's immune system is badly damaged and cannot cope with other infections and cancers
- At this stage the virus is known as last stage of HIV infection or AIDS
- Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
- Affects many species of plants, e.g. tomatoes
- Causes a mosaic pattern on the leaves of the plants- parts of the leaves become discoloured
- The discolouration means that the plant cannot carry out photosynthesis as well, so the virus affects growth
- Measles
- Fungal disease
- Rose black spot
- A fungus that causes purple or black spots to develop on the leaves of rose plants
- The leaves can then turn yellow and drop off
- This means that less photosynthesis can happen so the plant doesn't grow very well
- The leaves can then turn yellow and drop off
- It spreads through the environment in water or by the wind
- Gardeners can treat the diseases using fungicides or by ********* the plant of its affected leaves
- These leaves then need to be destroyed so that the fungus cannot spread to other rose plants
- A fungus that causes purple or black spots to develop on the leaves of rose plants
- Rose black spot
- Protist disease
- Malaria
- Part of the malarial protist's life cycle takes place inside a mosquito
- The mosquitoes are vectors- they pick up the malarial protist when they feed on an infected animal
- Every time the mosquito feeds on another animal it inserts the protist into its blood vessels
- The mosquitoes are vectors- they pick up the malarial protist when they feed on an infected animal
- Causes repeating episodes of fever, can be fatal
- Its spread can be reduced by stopping the mosquitoes from breeding
- People can be protected by using insecticides and mosquito nets
- Part of the malarial protist's life cycle takes place inside a mosquito
- Malaria
- Bacterial diseases
- Salmonella
- Causes food poisoning
- Infected people can suffer from fever, stomach cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea
- These symptoms are caused by the toxins that the bacteria produces
- You can get infected by eating food that's been contaminated with Salmonella bacteria, e.g. eating chicken that caught the disease whilst still alive OR eating foo that's been contaminated by being prepared in unhygienic conditions
- In the UK, most poultry is given vaccination against salmonella- this controls the spread of the disease
- Gonorrhoea
- an STD
- Passed on by sexual contact, e.g. having unprotected sex
- Pain when urinating and thick yellow or green discharge from the vagina or the penis
- It used to be treated with an antibiotic called penicillin but this has become trickier because of the appearance of resistant bacteria
- To prevent the spread, people can be treated with antibiotics and should use barrier methods of contraception, e.g. condoms
- an STD
- Salmonella
- Viral diseases
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