Class Differences in Achievement (Internal)

Created by: ecotts
Created on: 22-05-17 16:38

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Class Differences in Achievement (Internal)
- Labelling
  - Attaching and meaning or definition to someone
  - Teacher often attach labels regardless of the pupils actual ability or attitude
    - They label pupils on the basis of stereotyped assumptions about their class background
      - Middle class positively
      - Working Class negatively
  - Becker
    - Teacher judged pupils by how closely they fitted the image of the 'Ideal Pupil"
      - It was based on the work, appearance and conduct (behaviour)
        Middle class fitted closely to the image where as the working class further away because they were misbehaved
  - Rist's
    - Teachers use information about a child's background and appearance to place them in separate groups, seating them differently
    - The fast learners = Tigers were the middle class.
      - they had neat clean appearances ad the teacher showed great encouragement
    - Other groups = Clowns were the working class
      - They were given lower level books and fewer chances to show ability
        They had to read as a group not an individual
- Internal Factors
  - Factors with in schools such as interaction between pupils and teachers and inequalities
- Self- Fulfilling Prophecy
  - This is a prediction that come true simply because it has been made
  - Step 1; The teacher labels the pupil and makes a prediction about them
    - Step 2; The teacher treats the pupil accordingly acting as if the prediction is already true
      - Step 3; The pupil internalises it which becomes his self-image so now he is the pupil the teacher labelled him
  - if the teachers expectation is low the children may then develop a negative self seeing themselves to fail
- Pupil Subcultures
  - Pro school subculture
    - Mainly the middle class placed in higher streams and labelled successful
      - They committed to the school values, gain they status through academic success
  - Anti school Subculture- Lacey
    - Mainly the middle class, placed in lower sets/ streams
      - The suffer a loss of self-esteem with the school undermining their self worth
        They have to gain their status in another way with was inverting the school values of hard work obedience and punctuality
    - Likely to become a self- fulfilling prophecy and lead to educational failure
  - Differentiation
    - process of teachers categorising pupils according to ability, attitude and or behaviour
  - Polarisation
    - Process which pupils respond to streaming by going into subcultures
- Streaming
  - Separating children into different ability groups or classes where each group is taught differently
  - A-to-C economy
    - Teacher less likely to see working class pupils as having an ability
      - Pupils then placed into lower streams and entered for a lower tier in GCSE= widens differences in achievement
    - Schools need to achieve good league of table position if they want to attract funding and pupils
      - Leads to them only focussing their time on those that have the ability to get 5 or more GCSEs, C or above
    - Called the Triage
      - Categorises pupils into 3 types
        Those who will pass= left to get on with it
        
        Those with potential will get help to achieve a C or better
        
        Hopeless cases, doomed to fail
  - Differentiation
    - process of teachers categorising pupils according to ability, attitude and or behaviour

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Class Differences in Achievement (Internal)

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