Civil Rights, 1954 - 60
- Created by: G-Ham
- Created on: 16-03-20 09:07
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- Civil Rights, 1954-60
- Brown vs Topeka
- - 1952 NAACP put 5 desegregation cases together and took them to the Supreme Court (they were know as Brown vs Topeka)
- - the legal case was made against the Topeka board of education
- - made by Linda Brown who was a Black American student
- - it argued that the principle of 'separate but equal' in school was unsonstitutional
- - the legal case was made against the Topeka board of education
- Timeline:
- Dec '52 - Judges in the case asked to hear more legal advice. Earl Warren became new Chief Justice
- May '54 - Supreme Court ruled that segregated education was unconstitutional
- - however the Court set no time limit for the desegregation of schools
- May '54 - Supreme Court ruled that segregated education was unconstitutional
- Dec '52 - Judges in the case asked to hear more legal advice. Earl Warren became new Chief Justice
- Significance
- - Brown rulings overturned the 1896 public facilities segregation
- - white backlash, KKK
- Black students/ teachers faced threats
- - some good schools for black Americans were shut down
- - many southern states found ways to avoid complying
- - some good schools for black Americans were shut down
- Black students/ teachers faced threats
- - white backlash, KKK
- - awareness of civil rights issues in south increased
- - rulings were an inspiration for other desegregation campaigns
- - Brown rulings overturned the 1896 public facilities segregation
- - 1952 NAACP put 5 desegregation cases together and took them to the Supreme Court (they were know as Brown vs Topeka)
- Little Rock High School 1957
- - Arkansas, 9 black students attend a newly desegregated high school
- - following the Brown verdict, Little Rock desegregated, 75 black students applied, 25 were accepted, however 9 actually attended
- - after '54 Brown verdict, Orval Faubus, state governor became a fierce opponent for desegregation
- - in '58, Faubus closed every school in Little Rock in an attempt to stop racial integration
- - after '54 Brown verdict, Orval Faubus, state governor became a fierce opponent for desegregation
- - following the Brown verdict, Little Rock desegregated, 75 black students applied, 25 were accepted, however 9 actually attended
- Key Events:
- Sep 3, '57 - Brown case led to desegregation of Little Rock High School
- Sep 4, '57 - NAACP arranged for new black students to arrive together
- - Faubus sent 250 state troops to the school to 'keep the peace' however they just stopped the 9 from entering
- - Elizabeth Eckford (one of the 9) did not get the notification to arrive with the rest - she was targeted and abused
- - district judges/lawyers for NAACP used Court to challenge Faubus and force him to withdraw troops
- - Sep 24, '57 - Pres Eisenhower sent in federal troops to ensure the 9 could attend without being attacked
- - district judges/lawyers for NAACP used Court to challenge Faubus and force him to withdraw troops
- - Elizabeth Eckford (one of the 9) did not get the notification to arrive with the rest - she was targeted and abused
- - Faubus sent 250 state troops to the school to 'keep the peace' however they just stopped the 9 from entering
- Sep 4, '57 - NAACP arranged for new black students to arrive together
- Sep 3, '57 - Brown case led to desegregation of Little Rock High School
- Significance
- - 100s of reporters recorded the events, people were shocked by how the children were being treated
- - was continued resistance to school integration after 1957
- many schools shut down rather than integrate
- - 1958, first black students graduate from Little Rock High
- - 10 years later, black students attending newly integrated south schools were still subject to violence
- - was continued resistance to school integration after 1957
- - 100s of reporters recorded the events, people were shocked by how the children were being treated
- - Arkansas, 9 black students attend a newly desegregated high school
- Brown vs Topeka
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