Chemistry-atoms,compounds, mixtures and elements.
- Created by: Ellenhealy9
- Created on: 03-02-18 10:43
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- Chemistry
- Elements
- A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by a chemical reaction.
- Only contain one type of atom.
- The atom
- An atom is a very small particle.
- The nucleus contains protons and neutrons.
- Positive charge.
- The shells contain electrons.
- Negative charge.
- Atomic number- number of protons and electrons.
- Mass number- the sum of protons and neutrons nucleus.
- Shell arangements- 2,8,8,2. are filled with electrons.
- Compounds.
- Compound is formed when two or more elements are joined by a chemical reaction.
- Atoms are held together by chemical bonds.
- Chemical formula examples of compounds- NaNO3
- Iconic compounds- non metal atom joins to a metal atom.
- Ions- electrons move from the metal to non metal.
- Metal atoms loose electrons forming positive ions.
- Non-metal atoms gain electrons forming negative ions.
- Mixtures
- Mixtures are made from different substances that are not chemically joined.
- Can be separated without a chemical reaction.
- Can be separated by- Filtration, Evaporation, Chromatography, Distillation.
- Filtration- Insoluble solid from liquid. (a solid that does not dissolve.
- Evaporation- Soluble solid from liquid. (a solid that does dissolve).
- Distillation- Seperating liquids due to boiling points. Pure liquids have specific boiling points One liquid evaporates before the other.
- Chromatography
- Can be used to separate mixtures of coloured compounds.
- Rf value = distance moved by compound divided by distance moved by solvent.
- Elements
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