Chapter 9 - Cloning in plants and animals
- Created by: stef17
- Created on: 04-05-16 09:51
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- Chapter 9 - Cloning in plants and animals
- Vegetative propagation
- Asexual reproduction in plants
- Naturally occurs in many plants (strawberries, elm trees)
- Advantage: All plants have the same characteristics
- Disadvantage; All individuals in a species are susceptible to the same diseases
- Tissue culture
- Growing new plants from stem, leaf or root cuttings
- Grown in sterile conditions using callus (also known as explants)
- Advantage: Can be done any time in any place
- Disadvantage All susceptible to the same diseases, plants can be infected by fungi
- Plant cloning in agriculture
- Not done for annuals - sowing seeds is quicker
- Only done on a large scale for potatoes
- Done for lavender and fruit trees
- Cloning animals
- Non-reproductive cloning
- Only produces a group of genetically identical cells - not a whole organism
- Uses stem cells either from adults (these are only pluripotent) or from embryoes (these are totipotent)
- Reproductive cloning
- Production of a whole organism (dolly the sheep)
- Many ethical issues
- Non-reproductive cloning
- Vegetative propagation
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