Changes in household and family group composition.

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  • Changes in household and family group composition.
    • Changing roles within the family
      • Women now work - greater income
      • House husbands
      • Greater equality rights
        • employment
        • women to be in clerical/care work - less pay
      • Male role to provide
      • Female to care
        • Childcare + housework by women
    • Changing nature of the extended family
      • Traditional declining
      • Self - contained
        • Self - reliant
      • Dependent children live in nuclear families
      • Grandparents become live-in child minders
      • Rising cost of residential care
        • Inadequate pension
        • childcare costs
    • Smaller family sizes
      • Decreasing births since 1901
      • Baby booms after war.
      • 1960s, high living standards.
        • Baby booms after war.
      • Declining birth rates
        • Changing role of women in society
        • Developments in health care
          • Reduced infant mortality rates
        • Greater availability of contracaeption
          • Accessibility to abortion.
        • Money and time given to children
          • Smaller family = higher standard of living
    • Increase in childless women
      • Women make contributions to labour market
      • More women waiting till older to have children
        • Have to rely on state for assistance, as children will be too young
    • Increase in older mothers
      • Possessions instead of children
        • wait until mid 30s
          • More women waiting till older to have children
            • Have to rely on state for assistance, as children will be too young
    • Changing divorce rate
      • Cause emotional and behavioral problems
        • Children may blame themselves
      • Financial stress
        • Demand got housing
    • More step families
      • Children stay with mother when marriages end
      • sep families offer household stability, financial resources.
      • Could be tension and resentment,of step family.
    • More cohabition
      • When a couple share an intimate relationship living together without being married
        • More likely to break down
          • No legal settlement
    • Increased births outside marriage
      • more registered jointly, suggests parents live together when child is born
    • Increase in lone parent families
      • Divorce, separation, widowhood or births to single women outside marriage
      • social acceptability of lone parent families
      • Vulnerable to poverty.
        • Need affordable housing and in many cases childcare so the parent can work
    • More non-dependent children living with parents
      • costs of higher edcation, shortage of affordable housing
      • More young men than women living at home
    • civil partnerships
      • a legal relationship, which can be registered by two people of the same sex.
        • Ability to obtain legal recognition for their relationship.
      • allows them to adopt
    • more one-person households
      • pensioners live alone
        • females live longer, live alone
      • increased life expectancy
      • Divorce and separation
      • increase = housing shortage

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