GCSE: OCR gateway: C1: Smells + Paints and Pigments
- Created by: 09tvzutphen
- Created on: 06-04-14 15:00
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- C1
- Smells
- Esters
- Alcohol + Acid = Ester + Water
- Made by
- Acid added to alcohol and heated
- Condenser stops gas from escaping and helps cool it down so it can react more
- Condenser allows the reaction to go on for longer
- Condenser stops gas from escaping and helps cool it down so it can react more
- Acid added to alcohol and heated
- Used to make perfumes
- Perfume properties
- Evaporate easily so particals can reach the nose and be smelt
- Non toxic
- Must not react with water; sweat
- Must not irritate the skin
- Insoluable in water so it does not wash off
- Solutions
- Mixture of a solvent and a solution that does not separate
- Esters can be used as solvents
- Particles
- To evaporate particals in a liquid need sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the forces of attraction to other molecules in the liquid
- Only weak attractions exist between particals of the liquid perfume so it is easy to overcome these attractions as they have sufficient kinetic energy
- Water will not dissolve nail varnish remover
- The attraction between water molecules is stronger than the attraction between the water molecules and the nail varnish molecules
- The attraction between nail varnish molecules is stronger than the attraction between water molecules and nail varnish molecules
- The attraction between water molecules is stronger than the attraction between the water molecules and the nail varnish molecules
- To evaporate particals in a liquid need sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the forces of attraction to other molecules in the liquid
- Esters
- Paints and pigments
- Collids
- Paint is a colloid where particals are mix and dispersed with particales of a liquid but is not dissolved.
- The components of a colloid will not separate because the particals are scattered or dispersed throughout the mixture and are sufficiently so they do not settle on the bottom
- Paint drying
- Dry because
- Applied as a thin layer
- Solvent evaporates
- Emulsion paints; water based
- Oil paints
- Solvent evaporates
- Emulsion paints; water based
- Oil oxidised by atmospheric oxygen
- Solvent evaporates
- Dry because
- Thermochloric pigments
- Change colour at different temperatures
- Uses
- Thermometers: body temperature indication
- Cups: Heat indication
- Electric kettles: safety reasons
- Baby spoons and toys: warn if too hot for baby
- Phosphorescent pigments
- Glow in the dark
- Absorb and store energy
- Release energy as light
- Absorb and store energy
- Safer than old radioactive paints
- Glow in the dark
- Collids
- Smells
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