Biological interventions
- Created by: emily
- Created on: 03-03-14 18:18
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- Biological interventions for addiction
- Nicotine replacement therapy
- addictive behaviour produces withdrawal symptoms when stopped
- may relapse
- nicotine gum, patches and nasal sprays MIMIC effects of nicotine from tobacco
- NRT doesn't remove nicotine addiction - other harmful products are removed though
- NRT healthier option than smoking - n carbon monoxide, tar, acetone, benzene
- nicotine stimulates the DOPAMINE receptors in the brain - releases dopamine
- also desensitise dopamine receptors in the brain
- means that if the person lapses, the cigarette will seem less satisfying
- it's believed that NRT doubles the success rate of quitting
- means that if the person lapses, the cigarette will seem less satisfying
- also desensitise dopamine receptors in the brain
- nicotine stimulates the DOPAMINE receptors in the brain - releases dopamine
- NRT healthier option than smoking - n carbon monoxide, tar, acetone, benzene
- NRT doesn't remove nicotine addiction - other harmful products are removed though
- HOWEVER
- underlying reasons for addiction are ignored
- addict may return to their addictive behaviour
- combination of counselling and drug intervention best
- BECKHAM ET EL
- showed benefits of using quitline counselling services a d NRT
- 24 military veterans, eleven (46%) quit by agreed quit date
- nine abstaining 2 months later
- 24 military veterans, eleven (46%) quit by agreed quit date
- showed benefits of using quitline counselling services a d NRT
- BECKHAM ET EL
- combination of counselling and drug intervention best
- addict may return to their addictive behaviour
- underlying reasons for addiction are ignored
- addictive behaviour produces withdrawal symptoms when stopped
- Methadone replacement therapy
- orally administered synthetic drug - used for heroin addiction
- mimics the effect of heroin by releasing dopamine into the synapse
- gives feeling of euphoria, but less addictive
- prevents withdrawal symptoms and reduces cravings
- over time dose is reduced until it's no longer needed
- prevents withdrawal symptoms and reduces cravings
- gives feeling of euphoria, but less addictive
- mimics the effect of heroin by releasing dopamine into the synapse
- EVALUATION
- success of treatment
- methadone effective in stablising addictive behaviour in a safe and effective way
- WARREN ET AL
- assessed as a treatments for heroin addiction among 900 prisoners
- relapse a lot less (about 15 days a year) when using methadone than those not recieving (about 100 days a year)
- however some drug addicts become reliant on methadone- substituting one addiction for another
- responsible for deaths of over 300 people in the UK in 2007
- however some drug addicts become reliant on methadone- substituting one addiction for another
- relapse a lot less (about 15 days a year) when using methadone than those not recieving (about 100 days a year)
- assessed as a treatments for heroin addiction among 900 prisoners
- General - deterministic
- biological interventions assume addiction is a disease involving biological changes in the brain
- although there's evidence to suggest there are biological changes, drug therapy may be dis empowering for the patient
- abstinence will be attributed to the replacement therapy and not as a personal achievement
- takes away the idea that they have free will to actually change their habits without help of drugs
- abstinence will be attributed to the replacement therapy and not as a personal achievement
- although there's evidence to suggest there are biological changes, drug therapy may be dis empowering for the patient
- biological interventions assume addiction is a disease involving biological changes in the brain
- success of treatment
- orally administered synthetic drug - used for heroin addiction
- Nicotine replacement therapy
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