Unit 2; Core studies; Bandura et al

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  • Bandura et al
    • Aim: see if children imitate aggressive behaviour
    • Sample: 72 children from Stanford nursery aged 37-69 months, average 52 months
    • Hypotheses
      • 1. aggressive models reproduce aggressive acts
      • 2. non-aggressive models would have reduced effect
      • 3. imitate same sex model greater than opposite sex
      • 4. boys more aggressive than girls
    • Pre-Testing
      • each child tested for aggression by teacher & researcher
      • tested on physical & verbal aggression, aggression inhibition, aggression to inanimate objects
      • put in matched groups
    • Procedure
      • Stage 1: 10 mins with toys & model, ag model hit bobo doll, non-ag model played with tinker toys
      • Stage 2: 2 mins alone with appealing toys before told couldn't have them
      • Stage 3: 20 mins in room of toys inc bobo doll & aggressive toys (toy gun) recorded actions every 5 seconds
    • Results
      • Physical Acts: Ag Ma: G; 7.2     B; 25.8     NA Ma: G; 0.0 B; 1.5
      • Verbal Acts: AgFe: G; 13.7  B; 4.3   AgMa: G; 2.0 B; 12.7
    • Conclusions
      • aggression is 'transmitted'
      • seeing adults act one way makes kids think its ok
      • physical ag considered un-ladylike for girls but heroic for boys
    • Ethics: broke consent, deception, confidentiality, protection from harm
    • Ethnocentrism: US has different child guidelines, adult respect, sibling rivalry
    • Reliability & Validity
      • IR: standardised and replicable
      • ER: clear pattern found, had inter-rater on pre-test
      • IV: low risk of participant variables, hitting the bobo doll is the point of it
      • EV: high as children exposed to violence, watch adults daily
    • Relating to subject area
      • Developmental: how child's behaviour shaped by SLT
      • Influences on child behaviour; looks at model influence & SLT
    • Links to Debates; Nature vs Nurture
      • boys more aggressive than girls (NAT)
      • they imitate the ag models & not non ag models (NUR)

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