Astronomy - Chapter 1 - Earth, Moon and Sun - MOON
A mind map of all the topics in Chapter 1 - The Moon in the Astronomy coursework for GCSE. Have fun revising!
Hope this makes it better and eaiser! =]
- Created by: Georgina
- Created on: 08-04-13 16:29
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- Astronomy - Chapter 1 - Earth, Moon and Sun - MOON
- Moon's Principle Features
- Mare = SEA
- Mare Imbrium = SEA OF SHOWERS
- Mare Serenitiatis= SEA OF SERENITY
- Mare Tranquillitatis = SEA OF TRANQUILITY
- Mare Crisium = SEA OF CRISES
- Mare Fedcunditatis = SEA OF FERTILITY
- Mare Nubium = SEA OF CLOUDS
- MARE humorum = SEA OF HUMOURS
- Oceanus = OCEAN
- Oceanus Procellarum = OCEAN OF STORMS
- Crater = CRATER
- Crater Kepler
- Crater Tycho
- Crater Copernicus
- APENNINE MOUNTAINS
- Mare = SEA
- General Facts
- Moon's diameter = 3,500 km
- Approximate distance from Earth = 380,000 km
- Moon's rotational period and orbital period are both the same = 27.3 days
- The effect is a bigger object is that the gravitational pull is greater
- The Moon has a low gravitational pull and therefore has a low escape veloctity
- Earth has a bigger gravitational pull and therefore has a higher escape velocity meaning that Earth can 'hold onto' the atmosphere and the Moon can't
- Low velocity means that things can leave the surface a lot more easier
- Far side of the Moon
- The Moon rotates on it's axis this is called SYNCHRONOUS ROTATION
- so for one orbit of the Earth the Moon spins once
- So we only see one side of the face
- The Moon is in a CAPTURED ORBIT around the Earth
- Why is the Far Side different
- There is very little Mare/Sea
- Most of it is heavily cratered highland regions
- There is a deep crater called TISOLKOVVSKY
- There are much lighter regions than the Near side
- The Moon rotates on it's axis this is called SYNCHRONOUS ROTATION
- Giant Impact Theory
- 4.5 billion years ago a asteroid the size of Mars hit Earth with loads of speed and hit at an oblique angle
- The asteroid was given the name Theia
- When the collision happened the debris coming off the asteroid was scattered into space
- This material would have stayed close to Earth due to the gravitational pull of the Earth
- The debris from the impact gradually stuck together to form the Moon
- Why it was accepted
- Lack of water and other volatile compounds found in the lunar rocks
- This gives the idea that there was so much energy that it vaporised the (unknown) water
- Discovery of KREEP-rich rocks - found in the Ocean of Storms and Sea of Showers
- The abundance of the isotopes of oxygen in the moon rocks - identical to the ones on Earth
- Lack of water and other volatile compounds found in the lunar rocks
- 4.5 billion years ago a asteroid the size of Mars hit Earth with loads of speed and hit at an oblique angle
- Moon's surface
- Meteoroids or other objects that are flying up to 70,000 km per hour hit the moon they create CRATERS
- There were large sizes of rocks flying at high speeds and had left huge impact 'marks' on the surface. These where called Mares/Seas
- The Mountains on the Moon were formed by volcanic activity
- The mountains are much older than the Seas
- Rilles are grooves cut into the surface. There are different types of Rilles
- Straight Rilles are when the ground between 2 fault lines drops away
- Sinous Rilles are formed from collapsed lava tubes
- Wrinkle Ridges are found on the surface of a Mare. They are seen as snaking across the surface
- They are formed when basalt lava cools and the ground contracts
- The name Dorsa is given to them
- ALSEPs
- ALSEPs = Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package
- It was made to monitor the structure of the Moons interior
- the composition and pressure of the lunar atmosphere
- Intensity and direction of the solar wind
- Thermal and electrical properties of the lunar sub-surface
- Moon's Principle Features
- Far side of the Moon
- The Moon rotates on it's axis this is called SYNCHRONOUS ROTATION
- so for one orbit of the Earth the Moon spins once
- So we only see one side of the face
- The Moon is in a CAPTURED ORBIT around the Earth
- Why is the Far Side different
- There is very little Mare/Sea
- Most of it is heavily cratered highland regions
- There is a deep crater called TISOLKOVVSKY
- There are much lighter regions than the Near side
- The Moon rotates on it's axis this is called SYNCHRONOUS ROTATION
- Why it was accepted
- Lack of water and other volatile compounds found in the lunar rocks
- This gives the idea that there was so much energy that it vaporised the (unknown) water
- Discovery of KREEP-rich rocks - found in the Ocean of Storms and Sea of Showers
- The abundance of the isotopes of oxygen in the moon rocks - identical to the ones on Earth
- Lack of water and other volatile compounds found in the lunar rocks
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