Astrophysics
- Created by: akshararavikumar56
- Created on: 12-01-17 20:43
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- Astronomy
- The Solar System
- The Solar System consists of the Sun and all the objects that orbit it. This includes the 8 planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. And lots of dwarf planets, like Pluto! And their moons and comets and asteroids.
- Planets and Moons
- A planet is a very large spherical object that orbits a star which has cleared its surrounding of debris.
- A moon is a natural satellite of a planet.
- A planet is a very large spherical object that orbits a star which has cleared its surrounding of debris.
- Asteroids And Comets
- An asteroid is a rocky minor planet. It orbits the Sun between Mars and Jupiter in the Asteroid belt/beyond Neptune in the Kuiper belt
- A comet is a small, icy body, made up of rock. Tis held together by frozen gases and water, that orbits the sun. Has a highly elliptical orbit.
- Comets spend a lot of time far from the Sun. They plunge inwards to pass around the Sun, and then return to the cold outer reaches of the Solar System.
- A comet is a small, icy body, made up of rock. Tis held together by frozen gases and water, that orbits the sun. Has a highly elliptical orbit.
- An asteroid is a rocky minor planet. It orbits the Sun between Mars and Jupiter in the Asteroid belt/beyond Neptune in the Kuiper belt
- Gravity and Orbits
- Pluto's orbit is surrounded by smaller objects, that hasn't been cleared by its gravitational field.
- Mass is the amount of matter in an object and is measured in kilograms. Mass isn't a force and has the same value anywhere in the Universe,
- Weight is a force caused by the pull of gravity acting on a mass. Weight is measured in newtons, + has both magnitude and direction. Weight has different values depending on where the object is in the universe.
- W = m x g weight of object = mass of object x acceleration of gravity.
- Your weight is the force of gravity acting on you. It depends on both your mass and the gravitational field strength of the planet / object you are on. The surface gravity of a body depends on...
- Satellites - The force acting on satellites is gravity. Orbits that are close to the Earth, have a greater force of gravity, since they are going the fastest.
- 2 types of satellites ~ Polar orbits and Geostationary orbits.
- Polar orbits has low orbits, moves around the poles, moves very fast, an orbit takes up to an hour.
- Uses~ Weather monitoring, Mapping, Spying. The red light appears when the satellite is gathering intelligence.
- Polar orbits are used for mapping the earth because the is rotating on its axis, and is very rapid in rotating. And simultaneousl-y the polar orbits move around the poles rapidly, so that, you get a different view each time.
- Geostatiomary orbits don't need a dish to track a satellite, has a high orbit, moves around the equator, takes up to 24 hours, moves @ 3020 m/s. And it is always over the same point on earth.
- Polar orbits are used for mapping the earth because the is rotating on its axis, and is very rapid in rotating. And simultaneousl-y the polar orbits move around the poles rapidly, so that, you get a different view each time.
- Uses~ Weather monitoring, Mapping, Spying. The red light appears when the satellite is gathering intelligence.
- Polar orbits has low orbits, moves around the poles, moves very fast, an orbit takes up to an hour.
- 2 types of satellites ~ Polar orbits and Geostationary orbits.
- Satellites - The force acting on satellites is gravity. Orbits that are close to the Earth, have a greater force of gravity, since they are going the fastest.
- Your weight is the force of gravity acting on you. It depends on both your mass and the gravitational field strength of the planet / object you are on. The surface gravity of a body depends on...
- W = m x g weight of object = mass of object x acceleration of gravity.
- Weight is a force caused by the pull of gravity acting on a mass. Weight is measured in newtons, + has both magnitude and direction. Weight has different values depending on where the object is in the universe.
- Mass is the amount of matter in an object and is measured in kilograms. Mass isn't a force and has the same value anywhere in the Universe,
- Pluto's orbit is surrounded by smaller objects, that hasn't been cleared by its gravitational field.
- Redshift
- The colour of light depends on its wave length; red light has a longer wavelength than blue.
- frequency x wavelength = speed of wavelength.
- The Doppler Effect = the apparent change in frequency/ wavelength due to relative motion between source and observer. The change in frequency and wavelength of a wave as it moves towards or away from you
- High frequency - low frequency If source move towards observer-high frequency if. If source moves away from observer-low frequency. .
- When light is emitted from the galaxy it travels towards Earth.
- When this light is blue shifted, the galaxy moves towards Earth.
- Hubble's Law - The recession velocity of a galaxy is directly proportional to its distance from the Earth.
- V=(const) d. Hubble's Constant.
- The Expanding Universe - Every galaxy is moving away from every other galaxy.
- Redshift - Galaxies are moving away Hubble's Law- The more distant a galaxy the faster it is moving.
- We can remember this as a bun with currants after putting it in the oven, every currant is away from other currant. The universe must be expanding if every galaxies moving away from each other.
- Redshift - Galaxies are moving away Hubble's Law- The more distant a galaxy the faster it is moving.
- The Expanding Universe - Every galaxy is moving away from every other galaxy.
- V=(const) d. Hubble's Constant.
- Hubble's Law - The recession velocity of a galaxy is directly proportional to its distance from the Earth.
- When this light is blue shifted, the galaxy moves towards Earth.
- When light is emitted from the galaxy it travels towards Earth.
- High frequency - low frequency If source move towards observer-high frequency if. If source moves away from observer-low frequency. .
- The Doppler Effect = the apparent change in frequency/ wavelength due to relative motion between source and observer. The change in frequency and wavelength of a wave as it moves towards or away from you
- frequency x wavelength = speed of wavelength.
- The colour of light depends on its wave length; red light has a longer wavelength than blue.
- Absorption Spectra
- Untitled
- The Solar System
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