GCSE PE APPLIED ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
- Created by: will.paddington
- Created on: 02-05-18 20:22
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- Applied Anatomy and Physiology
- Skeletal System
- for support and shape
- contains a rigid bone frame. shape due to the skeleton
- also for protection
- bones are tough- protect vital organs eg rib cage protects lungs
- movement
- muscles attached to bones by tendons can move bones at the joint
- making blood cells and platelets
- bones contain bone marrow. red blood cells important during exercise- transport oxygen to muscles
- mineral storage
- bones store minerals like calcium and phosphorus
- flat bones
- Cranium (Protects Brain)
- Sternum + Ribs protect heart and lungs
- Scapula - protects the shoulder joint
- Pelvis - protects reproductive organs
- Short Bones
- Carpals - form the wrist and provide stability
- Tarsals - bear the bodies weight when on foot (walking or running
- Long Bones
- Clavicle - part of shoulder joint
- Humerus - used by mucsles to use whole arm
- Ulna + Radius - used by muscles to move lower arm
- Femur- used by muscles to move whole body
- Fibula + Tibia - move lower leg
- Metacarpals - allows the hand to grip
- Phalanges - move and bend the fingers and toes
- Metatarsals - allows movement from the foot
- Different Joint Movements
- Flexion - closing of a joint
- Extension - opening of a joint
- Adduction - movement towards the body
- Abduction - movement away from the body
- Rotation - movement around the joint
- Circumduction- movement of a limb in a circular motion
- Plantar-Flexion extension at the ankle
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- Connective Tissues
- Ligaments- hold bones together
- Tendons - attach muscles to bones
- Cartilage - acts as cushion between bones - eg knee joint
- for support and shape
- Muscular System
- Bicep - flexion allows curling weights
- Triceps - extension pairs bicep
- Pectorals - adduction and flexion at the shoulder
- Hip Flexors - flexion at hip helps lift knees when running
- Gluteals - extension, rotation and abduction of hip
- Trapezius - extension at neck, eg tilting head back
- Deltoid - flexion, extension, abduction or circumduction at shoulder (front crawl in swimming)
- Skeletal System
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