AC1.1- individual crime
- Created by: zara vyas
- Created on: 02-12-22 12:24
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- AC1.1-individual crime:
- hate crime
- definition: a violent act carried out by a person who has a pre determined prejudice and bias towards an individual
- victims: protected characteristics: race, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, disability
- victims: CSEW- 2017- 2022 104 race incidents 42 religion, 23 sexual orientation, 50 disability, 7 gender identity
- offenders: anyone with a discrimination against someone else - racist, sexist, ableist, homophobic, islamaphobic, etc
- criminal offences: assault, verbal threats, bullying, harassment etc
- level of public awareness: on the rise as more attention is being brought to the problem through the big media movements
- both criminal and deviant
- laws: aggravated and intended hate crimes can get the maximum prison sentence for that crime with a start of 30y
- unreported: fear, shame, culture bound crime, complexity
- unreported: survey found 1 in 8 LGBTQ reported their most recent hate crime experience
- RLE: 2021 gay couple Rob and Patrick were attacked by 5 random men outside a bar after being verbally assaulted- both were very hurt and Patrick was left with a concussion
- honour crime
- definition: the abuse or killing of an individual for supposedly bringing 'shame' upon the reputation of their family and or community
- victims: usually women and young girls from south asian and middle eastern families
- victims: 17,000 women in Britain are victims of a form of honour crime
- offenders: typically are the men in the families e.g. fathers and uncles
- criminal offences: FGM, forced marriages, assault/beatings, torture, murder
- level of public awareness: low as the difference in cultural beliefs mean it isnt sometimes reported
- both criminal and deviant
- unreported: the police only pass forward 5% of cases to the crown prosecution services (CPS)
- laws: FGM made illegal in 2003 if caught sentence to 14y imprisonment- jail for 2y for forced marriages since 2008
- RLE: 2006- banaz mahmood was murdered and it was all arranged by her dad and uncle after she left her arranged marriage and started a relationship with another man
- unreported: culture bound crime, fear, shame, lack of public concern
- domestic abuse
- definition: a pattern of controlling/ coercive and threatening behaviour that takes place within a relationship
- victims: mostly women aged 18-24 who are single and have a low income / one in every 7 men will be a victim in their lifetime
- offenders: typically more men however there are also females who abuse
- criminal offences: assault, threatening behaviour, harassment, coercion, manipulation etc
- level of public awareness: low as in most cases it stays in the house as victims are afraid to report
- both criminal and deviant
- unreported: 19% women and 49% don't tell anyone they have been abused
- RLE: 2020 Abi Blake was nearly killed by her mentally and physically abusive husband but he only ended up spending 6 months in prison due to a legal loop hole
- laws: can file for restraining orders also if killed abuser can spend average 2-6y for men and 15y for women
- unreported: fear of repercussion, shame, culture bound crime
- hate crime
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