3.1.6
- Created by: Beth Morrison
- Created on: 31-01-17 09:37
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- 3.1.6 ~ ATP
- What is ATP?
- Adenosine Triphosohate
- A nucleotide derivative
- It is formed from a molecule of ribose, a molecule of adenine and 3 phosphate groups.
- Hydrolysis
- Catalysed by the enzyme ATP hydrolase.
- Can be coupled to energy- required reactions within cells
- The inorganic phosphates released during this can phosphorylate other compounds, often making them more reactive.
- What is energy?
- Variety of different forms (e.g. heat, light, sound)
- Can be changed from one form to another
- Can not be created or destroyed
- Measured in Joules (J)
- Synthesis of ATP
- This involves the addition of a phosphate molecule to ADP
- This can happen in 3 ways:
- Photophosphorylation
- Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Substrate level Phosphorylation
- How ATP is stored
- ATP + H2O -> ADP + Pi
- When the bonds break they release energy.
- Energy is released though the hydrolysis of terminal phosphate groups.
- Why do Organisms need energy?
- Motabalism
- Movement
- Active Transport
- Maintenance, repair and division.
- Production of substances
- Maintenance of body temperature.
- Energy and Motabalism
- Light energy in converted by plants in photosynthesis into chemical energy
- Chemical energy is converted into ATP during respiration
- ATP is used to perform the cell functions
- Roles of ATP
- We store energy in fats and carbohydrates
- ATP to ADP is a quick reaction.
- ATP is an immediate supply of energy, we needed by reforming ADP and Pi, we only store it for a matter of seconds.
- Less energy produced than glucose molecules so its more manageable.
- What is ATP?
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