16 - Social Policies
- Created by: Becca Newman
- Created on: 18-02-20 11:47
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- Social Policies
- Nazi Policies towards Young People
- Schools
- Control over the teachers
- 1933 Law for the Re-establishment of a Professional Civil Service
- Many teachers were fired for political unreliability or bing Jewish
- Teachers pressured into joining the 'National Socialist Teachers' League' - most complied
- From 1933 textbooks were monitored
- From 1935 Ministry of Education decided what would be taught
- By 1938 these rules covered nearly all subjects
- From 1935 Ministry of Education decided what would be taught
- 1933 Law for the Re-establishment of a Professional Civil Service
- Control over the curriculum
- Promotion of racial health in PE - military style drills
- Study of Nordic traditional stories to instill a 'consciousness of being German'
- Biological stress on evolution + survival of the fittest
- Geography - awareness of Lebensraum (living space); 'blood and soil'; German racial superiority
- Control over the teachers
- Universities
- Downgraded importance of higher education
- Number of uni students dropped from 1933-39
- Very little resistance from Unis, as they had always been nationalist dominated
- Students knew prospects after Uni were greater if they supported the regime
- Very little resistance from Unis, as they had always been nationalist dominated
- Number of uni students dropped from 1933-39
- Women had 10% of uni places, Jews had only 1.5%
- 1933 Civil Service Law 1200 uni staff were dismissed
- Nov 1933 teachers had to sign a 'Declaration of support for Hitler and the National Socialist State
- Very little resistance from Unis, as they had always been nationalist dominated
- Students knew prospects after Uni were greater if they supported the regime
- Very little resistance from Unis, as they had always been nationalist dominated
- Students had to join the German Students' league (DS)
- 25% managed to avoid it
- 25% managed to avoid it
- Students were forced to do 4 months labour service + 2 months in an SA camp
- Downgraded importance of higher education
- The Hitler Youth
- Created in 1926
- In 1933 all other youth organisations were banned, HY began to flourish
- By 1936 Hy had a monopoly over all sports facilities + competitions for under 14s
- 1939 HY membership was compulsory
- By 1936 Hy had a monopoly over all sports facilities + competitions for under 14s
- In 1933 all other youth organisations were banned, HY began to flourish
- 1936 Law for the Incorporation of the German Youth
- Made HY an official education movement - equal to schools
- Emphasis on competition, heroism + leadership
- Prepared to be warriors
- Taught Nazi songs + read Nazi pamphlets
- Went on hikes, campping trips
- Many didn't have these opportunities otherwise; so joined against the wishes of their parents
- Indoctrination into Nazi regime
- Went on hikes, campping trips
- Many didn't have these opportunities otherwise; so joined against the wishes of their parents
- Went on hikes, campping trips
- Went on hikes, campping trips
- Taught Nazi songs + read Nazi pamphlets
- Prepared to be warriors
- By the late 1930s enthusiasm began to drop as the organisation had become more rigid
- Poor attendance at weekly parades
- Created in 1926
- The League of German Girls (BDM)
- 'Be faithful, be pure, be German'
- 1939 membership became compulsory
- Instructed in hygiene, healthy eating to be fit as child-bearers
- Weekly 'home evenings' taught sewing + cooking
- Formation dancing + gymnastics were for fitness
- Political education sessions for racial awareness
- 'Faith and beauty groups' - taught baby care + social skills
- Formation dancing + gymnastics were for fitness
- Annual summer camps of sports, flag-waving etc for indoctrination
- For many BDM was liberating - doing things their mothers hadn't been able to
- Comradeship - bringing girls of different classes together
- Instructed on future marriage partners (only the best soldier
- 1934 girls were expected to do a years work on land/domestic service
- Very unpopular - many tried to avoid it
- 1939 scheme was made compulsory
- All young women had to do 1 years unpaid service before they could get employment
- 1939 scheme was made compulsory
- Serving community; got in touch with peasant roots; practical experience
- Very unpopular - many tried to avoid it
- Schools
- Nazi Policies towards Women
- Main priority was to raise the birth rate + restrict female employment
- Marriage loans for women who left work
- For each child born the amount which had to be paid back was reduced by 1/4
- Medals for how many babies born
- Birth control was discouraged + abortion banned
- Encouragement of healthy lifestyle
- German Women's League (DFW) created in 1933
- Domestic Science department
- By 1939 it had over 6 million members, 70% of whom weren't Nazi party members
- National Socialist Women's Organisation (NS-F)
- Elite organisation which promoted women as child-bearers
- Reich's Mother's Service (RMD) was a branch of the DFW
- Training in domestic + motherhood skills
- Nazi policies towards Workers
- Industrial workers had ties to trade unions workers presented the greatest challenge
- May 1933 trade unions were banned
- The German Labour Front (DAF)
- Established in May 1933 by Robert Ley to coordinate workers under the regime
- Membership wasn't compulsory but it was the only organisation representing workers so it's membership grew rapidly
- 2 aims - encourage production + encourage volksgemeinschaft
- DAF replaced trade unions but had no role in bargaining wages
- But it had a propaganda department to encourage Nazi ideology amongst the working class
- 1936 it created vocational courses to improve skills
- DAF also owned many companies - by 1939 it had 44,500 paid employees
- DAF propaganda encouraged working not for material gain but for helping your community
- Established in May 1933 by Robert Ley to coordinate workers under the regime
- Strength Through Joy (KDF)
- Created to organise workers' leisure time
- Workers who had had holidays would work harder
- Membership of the KDF came with DAF membership (35 million by 1936)
- Workers who had had holidays would work harder
- KDF aimed to
- Submerge mass workers in Volksgemeinschaft
- No time for anything other than work or Naiz leisure
- Encourage social equality, activities organised without class distinction
- Bring Germans from different regions together
- Every employed youth had to do 2 hours of PE at their workplace each week
- Encourage competition + ambition
- Submerge mass workers in Volksgemeinschaft
- Workers were offered subsidised holidays; sport activities; theatre + cinema visits
- Classical music concerts were put on in lunch breaks
- KDF wardens in factories
- One of the regimes most popular organisations
- Created to organise workers' leisure time
- Industrial workers had ties to trade unions workers presented the greatest challenge
- Nazi Policies towards Young People
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