How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
- Created by: NinaTan
- Created on: 06-01-18 19:02
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- How bonding and structure are
related to the properties of substances
- The amount of energy needed to change state depends on the strength of the forces between the particles of the substance.
- Limitations of the simple states of matter model : - There are no forces - All particles are spheres - The spheres are solid.
- Ionic compounds have high melting points annd boiling points
because of the large amounts of energy needed to break the many
strong bonds in the giant lattice structure.
- When melted or dissolved in water, ionic compounds conduct electricity because the ions are free to move and so charge can flow
- Substances that consist of small molecules are usually gases or
liquids that have low melting points and boiling points.
- These substances have only weak forces between the molecules (intermolecular forces).
- It is these intermolecular forces that are overcome, not the covalent bonds, when the substance melts or boils.
- These substances do not conduct electricity because the molecules do not have an overall electric charge.
- These substances have only weak forces between the molecules (intermolecular forces).
- Polymers have very large molecules.
- The atoms in the polymer molecules are linked to other atoms by strong covalent bonds.
- The intermolecular forces between polymer molecules are relatively strong and so these substances are solids at room temperature
- The atoms in the polymer molecules are linked to other atoms by strong covalent bonds.
- Substances that consist of giant covalent structures are solids with
very high melting points.
- All of the atoms in these structures are linked to other atoms by strong covalent bonds. These bonds must be overcome to melt or boil these substances. .
- Metals have giant structures of atoms with strong metallic bonding.
- In pure metals, atoms are arranged in layers, which allows metals to be bent and shaped.
- Pure metals are too soft for many uses and so are mixed with other metals to make alloys which are harder.
- In pure metals, atoms are arranged in layers, which allows metals to be bent and shaped.
- The stronger the forces between the particles the higher the melting point and boiling point of the substance
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