immediate protection, from donor plasma against common infections or specific hyperimmuneserum from donors with high Ab titres for specific pathogens and antigens. Eg. anti0diptheriua serum and anti-tetanus
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What's active immunisation?
Effective & appropriate immune response and memory B cell production. Booster shots given to increase IgG
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How is active immunisation given?
It is given as a polysaccharide, subunit, conjugage (capusles used in pneumococcal disesae)
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What are live?
IgG and IgA (cell emdiated)
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dead?
IgG (little cell mediation)
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Beta lactams..
Bactericidal, inhibit cell wall synthesis, ebta lactam ring targets penicillin binding proteins which are needed for PG cross-link formation. Beta lactam is a structural analog of PG so can occupy the PBPs
Bacteristatic, inhibit cell wall synthesis, bind D-alaynyl-D-alanine which is the peptide forming PG cross links (binds substrate not enzyme like beta lactams)
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Examples
Vanomycin which is G+ specific. Useful against S. aureus, S/epidermidis, MRSA as B lactamases don't work
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When does resistane form?
when substrate changed- D-lactate instead of alanine to form cross links, so PG still formed
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minoglycosides?
bacteristatic, inhibit protein synthesis. Act on 30S subunit of ribosomes in G- bacteria, Ineffective in anaerobic bacteria.
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Eg. of aminoglycosides?
Streptomycin
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What are tetracyclines?
Bacteristatic, inhibit protein synthesis by binding 30S. Eg.s are minocyclin and doxycycline
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Inhibiitiono f cell wall synthesisi by blocking cross linking?
B lactams- penicillin, amoxicillin, benzypenicliling, clycloxacillin
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Inhibition of bacteria protein synthesii, by bidning to ribosomal subunits?
macroides eg. erythromycin, aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tetracycline, streptomycin) or chloramphenicols
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Inhibition of transcripiton?
rifampicin and rifamycins bind RNA polymerase
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Inhibition of folate metabolism hence DNA syntehsis?
sulphonamides and trimethoprim
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Inhibition of DNA synthesis by bdining to DNA gyrase?
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