Weather Processes
0.0 / 5
- Created by: Max Oscar
- Created on: 17-03-22 12:13
What are the 6 types of Precipitation?
Clouds
Rain
Hail
Snow
Dew
Fog
Rain
Hail
Snow
Dew
Fog
1 of 42
What are the 6 types of Atmospheric Moisture Processes?
Evaporation
Condensation
Melting
Freezing
Sublimation
Deposition
Condensation
Melting
Freezing
Sublimation
Deposition
2 of 42
What is Evaporation?
Change from liquid to gas
3 of 42
What is Condensation?
Change from gas to liquid
4 of 42
What is Melting?
Change from solid to liquid
5 of 42
What is Freezing?
Change from liquid to solid
6 of 42
What is Sublimation?
Change from solid to gas
7 of 42
What is Deposition?
Change from gas to solid
8 of 42
What are the 3 types of Precipitation?
Convection
Frontal
Orographic
Frontal
Orographic
9 of 42
What states does Atmospheric Moisture exist in?
Vapour (gas)
Liquid (water)
Solid (ice)
Liquid (water)
Solid (ice)
10 of 42
How can moisture change between these 3 states?
Vapour to Liquid
Solid to Liquid
Liquid to Solid
Vapour to Solid
Solid to Liquid
Liquid to Solid
Vapour to Solid
11 of 42
If energy is released into the atmosphere, temperature?
Increases
12 of 42
If energy is taken out of the atmosphere, temperature?
Decreases
13 of 42
What is Latent Heat?
The Heat Energy released when moisture changes state (e.g. from liquid to solid or from liquid to vapour)
14 of 42
What is Rain?
Is the condensed moisture of the atmosphere falling visibly in separate drops (raindrops)
15 of 42
What is Hail?
Hailstones are alternate concentric rings of clear ice
16 of 42
How is Hail formed?
Under unstable conditions (e.g. during thunderstorms) when warm, moist air rises rapidly.
The air will cool & condense high in a cumulonimbus cloud
Hail grow in circulating convection currents (i.e. rise & fall collecting layers of ice until hailstone is
The air will cool & condense high in a cumulonimbus cloud
Hail grow in circulating convection currents (i.e. rise & fall collecting layers of ice until hailstone is
17 of 42
What is Snow?
Is frozen precipitation
18 of 42
What is a Cloud?
Is a visible mass of condensed water vapour held in suspension, typically high above ground
19 of 42
How are Clouds formed?
Usually produced through condensation.
As air rises, it cools. Reducing air temp decreases its ability to hold water vapour.
When air cools so much that it cannot hold any more water vapour (i.e. it reaches its Dew Point Temperature), condensation occurs
As air rises, it cools. Reducing air temp decreases its ability to hold water vapour.
When air cools so much that it cannot hold any more water vapour (i.e. it reaches its Dew Point Temperature), condensation occurs
20 of 42
What causes Air to rise?
Surface heating
Topography (orographic forcing)
Frontal
Convergence
Topography (orographic forcing)
Frontal
Convergence
21 of 42
How does Surface Heating form clouds?
Ground heated by sun heats air in contact with it making it rise.
Rising columns called thermals.
Tends to produce cumulus clouds.
Rising columns called thermals.
Tends to produce cumulus clouds.
22 of 42
How does Topography form clouds?
Shape & features of area (Topography) cause clouds to form.
When air is forced to rise over barrier of mountains/hills it cools as it rises.
Layered clouds are often produced this way.
When air is forced to rise over barrier of mountains/hills it cools as it rises.
Layered clouds are often produced this way.
23 of 42
How does Weather Fronts (frontal) form clouds?
Clouds form when mass of warm air rises up over mass of cold, dense air over large areas along fronts.
Front = Boundary between warm, moist air & cooler, drier air
Front = Boundary between warm, moist air & cooler, drier air
24 of 42
How does Convergence form clouds?
Streams of air flow from different directions forced to rise where they flow together (converge).
Cause cumulus cloud & showery conditions
Cause cumulus cloud & showery conditions
25 of 42
What is the difference between Fog & Mist?
They are the same but fog is denser.
Mist = visibility reduced to 1000-5000m
Fog = visibility is under 1000m
Dense Fog = under 200m
Mist = visibility reduced to 1000-5000m
Fog = visibility is under 1000m
Dense Fog = under 200m
26 of 42
What is Fog?
Droplets of water in atmosphere are so small they fall very slowly to surface under the influence of gravity.
27 of 42
How is Fog formed?
Forms at ground level because air can only hold a certain amount of moisture.
Colder air holds less moisture than warmer air. Once max amount of moisture is reached (relative humidity 100%) air is saturated & water vapour in air tuns to liquid (i.e. cloud
Colder air holds less moisture than warmer air. Once max amount of moisture is reached (relative humidity 100%) air is saturated & water vapour in air tuns to liquid (i.e. cloud
28 of 42
What are the 2 types of Fog?
Advection Fog
Convection Fog
Convection Fog
29 of 42
What is Advection Fog?
Occurs when warm moist air moves over cold surface.
Warm moist air cools down from below so temp reaches dew point.
Air gets saturated & condensation takes place.
Warm moist air cools down from below so temp reaches dew point.
Air gets saturated & condensation takes place.
30 of 42
What is Convection Fog?
Occurs when ground & air above it cool by outgoing radiation (e.g. at nighttime).
This process known as radiation cooling.
This process known as radiation cooling.
31 of 42
What is Dew?
Dew is the direct deposition of water droplets onto a surface
32 of 42
How is Dew formed?
Occurs in clear, calm conditions when there is rapid radiation cooling by night.
If temp of surface drops at night, condensation occur on surface (dew) as air above surface will cool to dew point temp.
Dew point temp = temp at which relative humidity reac
If temp of surface drops at night, condensation occur on surface (dew) as air above surface will cool to dew point temp.
Dew point temp = temp at which relative humidity reac
33 of 42
What is Absolute Humidity?
The amount of water vapour in the atmosphere
Measured by grams of water per cubic metre of air
Measured by grams of water per cubic metre of air
34 of 42
What is Potential Humidity?
How much water the air has the potential to hold
(how much water COULD be held in the air)
(how much water COULD be held in the air)
35 of 42
What is Relative Humidity?
The amount of water vapour in atmosphere as % of max amount of water air can hold at that temp
Measured by % (e.g. 50%)
Measured by % (e.g. 50%)
36 of 42
Formula of Relative Humidity
Relative Humidity = Absolute Humidity/Positive Humidity
37 of 42
What are the types of rainfall?
Convection
Frontal
Orographic
Frontal
Orographic
38 of 42
What is Convection rainfall?
1. When land become very hot it heats air above it
2. Air expands & rises
3. As it rises, it cools to dew point temp & condensation takes place (at condensation level)
4. As water droplets coalesce (join) rain will fall
5. Often produce thunderstorms due
2. Air expands & rises
3. As it rises, it cools to dew point temp & condensation takes place (at condensation level)
4. As water droplets coalesce (join) rain will fall
5. Often produce thunderstorms due
39 of 42
What is Frontal Rainfall?
1. Warm air meets cold air at a front
2. Warm, less dense air rises + cools to dew point temp
3. Condenses + water droplets coalesce (join) & rains
Most common in middle latitudes where warm tropical air meets colder polar air - e.g. the UK
2. Warm, less dense air rises + cools to dew point temp
3. Condenses + water droplets coalesce (join) & rains
Most common in middle latitudes where warm tropical air meets colder polar air - e.g. the UK
40 of 42
What is Orographic Rainfall?
Air is forced upwards over barriers (e.g. mountains) + as the air rises it cools etc
Often these is a rain shadow - leeward slope is dry as it receives very little rain
Sinking air = lower relative humidity & high pressure
Example: Andes, West Coast of Sc
Often these is a rain shadow - leeward slope is dry as it receives very little rain
Sinking air = lower relative humidity & high pressure
Example: Andes, West Coast of Sc
41 of 42
What happens to Warm Air when it rises?
1. It expands, cools to dew point temp at the condensation level.
2. It condenses forming water droplets
3. Droplets coalesce (join) & fall as rain
2. It condenses forming water droplets
3. Droplets coalesce (join) & fall as rain
42 of 42
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the 6 types of Atmospheric Moisture Processes?
Back
Evaporation
Condensation
Melting
Freezing
Sublimation
Deposition
Condensation
Melting
Freezing
Sublimation
Deposition
Card 3
Front
What is Evaporation?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is Condensation?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is Melting?
Back
Related discussions on The Student Room
- weather »
- US students who have gone to Oxford? »
- University of Glasgow or Queen Mary University of london »
- bristol vs edinburgh cs »
- Eduqas A-level Geography Component 1 (A110U10-1) - 17th May 2023 [Exam Chat] »
- Kallisto's Saturday Question: Weather »
- goldies either /or questions »
- please can you mark this exam English language question 2 paper 1 »
- Could someone help mark this? »
- Question help igcse edexcel biology »
Similar Geography resources:
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
2.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
0.0 / 5
Comments
No comments have yet been made