a wave transfers energy from one place to another.
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what is the amplitude?
the maximum distance from the centre of the wave(middle to the edge).
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what is the wavelength?
the length of a single wave.
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what is the frequency?
the number of waves per second which is measured in Hertz (Hz).
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what is the wave speed?
how fast the waves move/the speed the energy travels.
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how do you work out the wave speed?
wavelength x frequency
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what are transverse waves?
these waves have vibrations at 90 degrees to the wave direction e.g. light.
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what are longitudinal waves?
these waves are parallel to the wave direction e.g. sound.
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what happens to the waves when the depth of water is increased?
the waves complete lengths at a faster rate.
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why does refraction happen?
when the waves hit the boundary the part that hits first slows down then pulls the rest with it. this only happens when the waves come in at an angle. as the wave speed gets slower and there's a smaller wavelength.
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what happens to wavelength during refraction?
as the wave slow down, the wavelength decreases, the wave fronts bend towards the normal. if the wave speeds up at the boundary, the wavelength increases, the waves bend away from the normal.
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what are the seven parts of the electromagnetic spectrum?
as you go up the spectrum (towards gamma rays) what happens?
they become more energetic/more dangerous; wave length gets smaller; the frequency gets higher.
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what do all seven parts of the spectrum do?
they travel at the same speed in a vacuum; transfer energy; are transverse waves.
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what does ionising radiations and what waves do this?
waves that can interact with atoms and then can damage living cells becasue of the energy that they carry. ultrrviolet, x-rays, gamma rays.
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what are radio waves used for?
carrying radio signal.
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what are microwaves used for?
heating food up.
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what is infrared used for?
in remote controls, heat treatment for illnesses.
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what is visible light used for?
taking photos.
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what is ultraviolet used for?
killing bacteria and viruses, sun tans.
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what are x-rays used for?
looking at bones, medical uses.
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what are gamma rays used for?
killing cancer cells, sterilize.
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what way can microwaves travel?
only in straight lines.
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what is worldwide communication?
this is transmitting information as microwaves through the atmosphere. the microwaves can be reflected around the world via satellites and base stations.
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what are geosynchronous satellites?
these take 24 hours to go around the earth but is only in the same place every 24 hours.
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what are geostationary satellites?
these satellites orbit around the earth and are always in the same place above the earth and takes 24 hours to go around.
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why are geostationary satellites better for communication systems?
because you wouldn't be able to reflect back onto the earth in the right place.
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what speed do microwaves travel at?
the speed of light (300,000,000m/s).
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is the amplitude?
Back
the maximum distance from the centre of the wave(middle to the edge).
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