Utilitarianism 0.0 / 5 ? Religious StudiesChristianityASAQA Created by: emilycresswell6Created on: 01-05-17 12:16 What is teleological thinking? Comes from the Greek term 'end'. Looks at the consequences of an action/the 'end' result before deciding whether the action is morally right or wrong. 1 of 25 Deontological Comes from the Greek term 'duty'. More concerned with what people do and following rules rather than the consequences of each action. 2 of 25 Jeremey Bentham main founders of utilitarianism. Developed his idea of work in 'Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation' 3 of 25 Soverign Good happiness is the supreme ethical value as it's good for people to be happy 4 of 25 Hedonism Bentham based his ethical theory around this principle which pursued physical pleasure and avoided physical pain 5 of 25 Bentham's quote "nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure" 6 of 25 Principle of utility the greatest happiness for the greatest number 7 of 25 Hedonic Calculus a method of working out the sum total of pleasure and pain produced by an act and thus, the total value of it's ocnsequences 8 of 25 Intensity Stronger happiness is better than weaker 9 of 25 Duration longer lasting pleasure is better than brief 10 of 25 Certainty an act that will definitely produce pleasure is better than one that will only possibly 11 of 25 Propinquity the more immediate the anticipated pleasure, the more relevant it should be to the decision 12 of 25 Fecundity a pleasure that leads to more pleasure is of greater value 13 of 25 Purity A pleasure with no pain mixed in is a greater pleasure 14 of 25 Extent the more people sharing the pleasure, the better 15 of 25 John Stuart Mill follower of Bentham's ethics, but set out to address the weaknesses of his argument 16 of 25 Mill's view the well-being of the individual is of most importance and that happiness was effectively gained when the individual is free to pursue their own goals 17 of 25 'greatest good for the greatest number' Mill accepted this view however, ackowledged the dangers of this so held that the quality of the happiness is more important than the quantity 18 of 25 Higher pleasure Pleasures of the mind e.g puzzles and reading. Although a higher pleasure is harder to find, they're more worthwhile and rewarding 19 of 25 Lower pleasures Pleasures of the body e.g alcohol and drugs. These pleasures are not as demanding intellectually 20 of 25 Mill's quote "It is better to be a human dissatisfied than a pig satisfied" 21 of 25 Act Utilitarianism considers the consequences of each individual action 22 of 25 Rule Utilitarianism Considers the consequences of past actions to form a rule guide 23 of 25 Strong Rule always follows rules no matter what the outcome may turn out to be, the rules are rigid and inflexible 24 of 25 Weak Rule think that some rules may be broken in order for the consequence to result in a greater good or greater happiness 25 of 25
Comments
No comments have yet been made