Urinary Tract: Blood Supply + Filtration

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  • Created by: Bhickling
  • Created on: 15-04-21 11:29
What structures make up the urinary tract?
1. Kidneys
2. Ureters
3. Bladder
4. Urethra
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What is the main function of the cortex of the kidney?
Filtration to form filtrate
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What is the main function of the medulla of the cortex?
Collect + excrete urine
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What is the name of the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
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What is the liquid inside the nephron called?
Filtrate
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What is unusual about the blood supply to the kidney?
2 capillary beds in series: glomerulus + peritubular capillaries
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What are the functions of the kidney? (3)
1. Regulation of fluid volume + electrolyte balance
2. Excretion of waste
3. Production of hormones
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Describe the ion composition of urine compared to plasma/ filtrate of functional kidneys?
- K+ = 10x more concentrated in urine
- HCO3- = almost none
- Glucose = none
- Phosphate = more concentrated in urine than filtrate (variable)
- Nitrogenous waste products = 90x more concentrated in urine
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What would you expect to accumulate in the body of the kidneys stopped functioning?
- Nitrogenous waste products- urea, creatinine
- K+
- Phosphate
- Protons
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How is the renal corpuscle specialised to enhance its filtering capacity?
- receives 20-25% CO so very high volume of blood
- Large SA for filtration to occur
- High level of glomerular capillary blood pressure
- low resistance to movement of fluid
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Describe the composition of the filtration membrane
- filtered substances pass from bloodstream through 3 barriers- 1. capillary endothelium 2. basement membrane 3. podocytes (Bowman's capsule epithelium
- allows most molecules to pass through- no cells or med/ large proteins
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Explain how the filtration membrane is specialised
- pores of glomerular endothelial cells prevent filtration of blood cells but allows all components of blood plasma through
- basal lamina of glomerulus prevents filtration of large proteins
- filtration slit formed by podocytes prevent filtration of medi
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What is the meaning of Glomerular Filtration Rate?
Volume of fluid filtered from glomerular capillaries into Bowman's space per minute
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How does the oncotic pressure different in peritubular capillaries compared to normal capillaries?
increased
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the main function of the cortex of the kidney?

Back

Filtration to form filtrate

Card 3

Front

What is the main function of the medulla of the cortex?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the name of the functional unit of the kidney?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the liquid inside the nephron called?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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