RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

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  • Created by: tsungiex
  • Created on: 13-03-17 11:32
What is the function of rings of cartilage?
Prevents the collapsing of the walls of the trachea and bronchii. They even provide support and are strong but flexible.
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What is the function of goblet cells?
They produce mucus so that bacteria and dust can be trapped.
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What is the function of cilia?
They sweep the mucus (containing the dust and bacteria) so that it sweeps to back towards our mouth.
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What is the function of alveoli?
They are tiny air sacs in our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and bloodstream.
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How does alveoli take part in gaseous exchange?
Oxygen is diffused from the air into our red blood cells when we breathe in. Carbon dioxide is diffused from the red blood cells into our alveoli so that we breathe it out. This happens from a high to low concentration.
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How is alveoli adapted to its function?
Thin walls for gaseous exchange, large blood supply due to many capillaries, elastic fibres to allow stretching for breathing and many alveoli increases surface area which is efficient for diffusion.
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What is the function of the pleura (membrane)?
Its a layer that surrounds the lungs. It contains moisture to allow surfaces to slide over each other.
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What is the function of a diaphragm?
It seperates the respiratory system from the digestive system.
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What happens to the intercostal muscles, diaphragm and ribcage during inhalation?
The intercostal muscles contract, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the ribcage liftes upwards and outwards.
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What happens to the intercostal muscles, diaphragm and ribcage during exhalation?
The intercostal muscles relax, the diaphragm relaxes and becomes curved and the ribcage moves down and inwards.
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What happens to the volume and pressure of the thorax during inhalation?
The volume increases and the pressure decreases.
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What happens to the volume and pressure of the thorax during exhalation?
The volume decreases and the pressure increases.
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What is the function of receptors?
They send signals to the respiratory centre in the brain so that the intercostal muscles contract or relax during breathing.
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What are the symptoms of asthma?
Coughing, Wheezing, Shortness of Breath and Chest Tightness
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What is homeostasis?
The maintanence of a constant internal environment.
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What is the defintion of an acute illness?
A sudden infection caused by virus or bacteria
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What is the defintion of a chronic illness?
A long term disorder often assoicated with obesity, smoking or environmental pollutants
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What are the main symptoms of asthma?
Coughing, Wheezing, Shortness of Breath and Chest Tightness
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What can cause the symptoms of asthma?
Inflammation/swelling of the airways, mucus being produced and gathered in the airways causing narrowing or tightening of muscles can cause the airways to narrow.
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Suggest how genetics can cause asthma.
There is a gene called UPAR and that is suggested to cause abnormal healing processes in the linings of the airways. Also, if one or both parents have asthma, an individual is more likely to develop it
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Suggest how lifestyle can cause asthma.
Living in poor housing or having certain additives in your diet can trigger asthma
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Suggest how pollutants can cause asthma.
Irritants in a workplace or being exposed in a workplace can mean that irritants such smoke and dust can be exposed in the air. This triggers asthma and increases the chances of it developing in an individual.
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How does a peak flow meter work?
You blow out into the meter and and the marker slides up. The better controlled the asthma is, the higher the peak flow score.
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How does a spirometer work?
You breathe into a tube that is connected to an oxygen chamber. The chamber falls during inhalation and exhalation. Movements of the chamber are recorded.
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Why is soda lime used in a spirometer?
The soda lime can be used to absorb the carbon dioxide breathed out so that the chamber does not rise to the same heigh as the oxygen.
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What is the name of the blood test taken to test for asthma?
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)
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What are the two types of inhalers?
Relievers and Preventers
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How do relievers treat asthma?
They reduce muscle spasms and relax the muscle in the airways
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How do preventers treat asthma?
They reduce inflammation in the airways and increase blood flow. This means that airways are less likely to become narrow.
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What is another treatment method for asthma?
Avoiding triggers e.g. if smoke triggers an individual, they will stay away from people who smoke to decrease the chances of them developing asthma.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the function of goblet cells?

Back

They produce mucus so that bacteria and dust can be trapped.

Card 3

Front

What is the function of cilia?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the function of alveoli?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does alveoli take part in gaseous exchange?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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