Respiratory System 0.0 / 5 ? Health & Social CareAnatomy and physiology in practiceA2/A-levelOther Created by: candicelouiseCreated on: 03-04-18 19:10 Structure of the Respiratory System Larynx – voice box Trachea – windpipe Bronchi – left and right to each lobe of lung Bronchioles – smaller tubes leading to: Alveoli – small air sacs – site of gas exchange 1 of 6 Other Structures of the Respiratory System Pleural membranes – cover and protect lungs Diaphragm – dome shaped muscle separates chest from abdomen Intercostal muscles – contract and relax to expand the chest volume Pulmonary arteries and veins – move blood through the lungs 2 of 6 Functions of the Respiratory System Inspiration/expiration (breathing!) Gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide 3 of 6 Gas Exchange is Based on Passive Diffusion A large surface area for exchange of gases A short distance for the gases to diffuse Concentration gradients for the gases 4 of 6 Alveoli are: Numerous (large surface area) Thin walled (short distance) Surrounded by many tiny capillaries (keeps a concentration gradient) To speed up diffusion! 5 of 6 Transport of Gases Oxygen binds to haemoglobin to form oxyhaemoglobin Carbon dioxide is dissolved in the blood plasma 6 of 6
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