Why has the positive view of science changed recently?
Created world issues such as global warming, pollution ect.
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What does the good and bad aspects of science do?
Provides cognitive functions- explain, predict and control world in a way others cant
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What does Merton say science needs to grow?
Support from other institutions. After the PE, this occurred and ethos developed.
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What are the CUDOS norms?
Communism: Public knowledge, Universalism: Universal testing, Disinterestedness: Knowledge for own sake, less chance of fraud. Organised scepticism: Criticism and investigation.
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Who says religion is a closed system? How?
Horton, has 'get out clauses' and prevents being disporved
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What example of this is there?
Evans-Pritchard: Azande witchcraft. Create magic orgacle and potion (benge), this is given to chicken and told to die if the person is a witch, chicken dies and accused can be confronted. This lets conflict go to rest and theory cannot be disproved.
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Self-sutaining beliefs by Polyanis are what?
Circulatory: Explained in terms of other idea. Subsidiary experience: If oracle fails, it is the benge being used wrong. Denial of legitimate rivals: All other explanations are wrong.
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Who discusses science as a closed system? Describe this
Polyani: All belief systems reject challenges. Dr Velikovsky- Theory of eath, rejected and boycott by scientists. Kuhn: Science is based on shared assumptions Paradigim. Socialised into this and if challenged you are ridiculed.
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Science is though to be socially constructed and the paridagims are a social construct of ideas, which study shows this?
LGM: Woolgar. Initially though of as LGM but when realised this was no respectable, it was changed to star signals.
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Marxist view of science as an ideology:
Class struggle, FCC, RD ideology, Gramsci and hemony
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Mannheim: Ideology and utopia
Belief systems are one sided, ideological thought keeps things as they are. Utopican though supports change and reflects the view of oppressed. Creation of intellectuals attaching to a group, all have partial reality.
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What is Free Floating Intelligentisa?
Where intellectuals dettatch themselves from group and stand above the conflict creating a total world view with synthesis of beliefs.
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Feminism and ideology:
Marks: Science exlcudes women. Religion does too.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What does the good and bad aspects of science do?
Back
Provides cognitive functions- explain, predict and control world in a way others cant
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