Information passes from 1 storage system to the next in a fixed order.
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What are the 3 memory stores in the multi-store model of memory?
Sensory, short-term memory and long-term memory.
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What is stage 1 of the multi-store model of memory?
Information from the environment is received by sensory store and is transferred to the sensory memory if we attend to it or it's discarded.
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What is stage 2 of the multi-store model of memory?
Attended information is transferred to the short-term memory and stays there for a short while if it's rehearsed, or it's lost.
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What is stage 3 of the multi-store model of memory?
Information that is remembered is transferred to the long-term memory. It can be recalled to the short-term memory and returned when finished with. Information is never lost from it, we just need a cue to help retrieve it.
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What does the multi-store model provide a systematic account of?
The structures and processes involved in human memory.
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What supports the multi-store model of memory?
Evidence on duration, capacity and encoding, and the effects of brain damage.
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What is the evidence for sensory memory?
Sperling collected evidence to support limited duration. They found the more items participants were asked to recall the poorer the results, so showed that information decays rapidly in the sensory memory.
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What is the evidence for short-term and long-term memory stores?
Glanzer & Cunitz studied the serial position effect. They found that when recalling a list of 20 words participants tended to remember words at the start and end because at the start you are attentive and at the end they are fresh in your mind.
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What is the primary effect?
1st items are best rehearsed and transferred to the long-term memory.
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What is the recency effect?
They're in the short-term memory as they were the most recent items shown.
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What do PET and MRI scans show, and what else shows this?
That different areas of the brain were active when people do short-term and long-term memory tasks, which is also showen in brain damage.
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Describe the case study of HM.
They were brain damaged from epilepsy surgery where the hippocampus was removed. His personality and intellect weren't effected but he couldn't make new long-term memories, so the hippocampus may be the gateway for new memories.
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Describe the case study of KF.
They could only remember 2 digits in the short-term memory but their long-term memory was good.
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What is the 1st part of the brain to be damaged by Alzheimer's?
The hippocampus.
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What are symptoms of Alzheimer's?
Memory problems with the short-term memory and disorientation, but the long-term memory is not effected.
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Why did Shiffrin update the original multi-store model, and how did he do this?
Because of the criticisms about the process of rehearsal, so he suggested that rehearsal could be elaborative which leads to more enduring memories.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How does the multi-store model of memory work?
Back
Information passes from 1 storage system to the next in a fixed order.
Card 3
Front
What are the 3 memory stores in the multi-store model of memory?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is stage 1 of the multi-store model of memory?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is stage 2 of the multi-store model of memory?
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