What does Freud see human behaviour as being driven by?
Innate drives.
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Infants have two basic instincts. What are they?
Ethos and Thanatos.
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What is ethos?
The life instinct and sexual energy.
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What is Thanatos?
The death instinct.
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What is more powerful?
Ethos is more powerful so that behaviour is directed towards the need to preserve life and reproduction.
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What is eros focused on and when?
It focuses on different parts of the body during the psychosexual stages of development.
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What are the psychosexual stages of development?
Oral(libido is focused on the mouth), Anal (libido on anus), Phallic(libido on genitals), Latency (making friends) and Genital (sexual gratification of genitals).
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What do the psychosexual stages of development explain?
Later personality.
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What stage has the development of attachments been focused on?
The oral stage.
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What does Freud view attachment formation as?
He sees it as being driven by the infants need to obtain oral stimulation, to be fed and to be kept warm.
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How does Harlow's experiment on monkeys contradict this experiment?
It contradicts the idea that infants need to be fed and kept warm as the cloth mother was a more important determinant for attachment formation rather than the food mother.
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Why do findings from the Schaffer and Emerson study of Glasgow babies suggest that food and time spent with the baby are not as important as some theories claim?
40% of the infants formed attachments with someone other than the person who fed and bathed the,. They found that the most likely way to form an attachment was through responsiveness and stimulation.
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