The Origins Of Hinduism

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Where was the Indus Valley Civilisation Located?
Basin of the river Indus, flows through present day Pakistan
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What kind of culture did the Indus Valley Civilisation develop?
Urban culture, akin to civilisations of Mesopotamia
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What were the two (three) main known cities of the Indus Valley?
Mohenjo daro and Harappa (Lothal)
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How many people are estimated to have lived in the main cities of the Indus Valley?
estimated 40,000 people in the main cities
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People in the main cities are said to have enjoyed a good standard of living, why was it so good?
Sophisticated water systems, most housing had drainage systems, wells and rubbish shoots.
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S. Sinda quote
"The civilisation and culture of the inhabitants of the Indus Valley..... were of a very advanced nature"
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Have archaeologists excavated all of the Indus Valley Civilisation?
No. Some of the culture is yet to be excavated
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How did the Indus Valley Civilisation develop?
Indigenous development from local cultures, NOT from other cultures such as Egypt
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How much do we know of how the Indus Valley Civilisation lived?
Little is known of their religion, social structure/ politics and no one has successfully deciphered the language which has been found on seals (some scholars wonder if it is script)
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Findings of religion from the Indus Valley Civilisation
Seems to involve temples, temple rituals and ritual bathing, there has been found some evidence of animal sacrifice and terracotta figures have been found- Goddesses? a seal of seated figure surrounded by animals found- Shiva?
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The great bath
In Mohenjo daro, some archaeologists say that it was a symbol and the centre of a fertility religion that practised hierogamy- NO EVIDENCE
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Where did "Hindu" come from?
"Hindu" derived from Persia which was used to refer to those who lived beyond the Sindhu/ Indus river
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What are the two main discourses for Hinduisms origin?
Indus valley civilisation and Aryan Civilisation
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Scholars views of origins of Hinduism
Some believe that it was a combination of the IVC and the Aryans, and that Aryans were not nomadic but town dwellers, The language of Hinduism- Sanskrit- same language as Aryans
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Aryan Invasion theory and Aryan info
Aryans originally from central Asia, described as tall and fair skinned, suggested if it was a forceful invasion, or a integration into society- no evidence of a war found in excavations, suggested brought caste system so would be superior to IVC?
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Problems with Aryan invasion theory
Some scholars don't believe in invasion cause archaeological evidence, no Indus Valley Cities destroyed, abandoned cause lack of water more likely
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Sardar Kavalam Madhava quote
"One thing however is certain and can no longer be contested- civilisation did not come to India with the Aryans"
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Card 2

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What kind of culture did the Indus Valley Civilisation develop?

Back

Urban culture, akin to civilisations of Mesopotamia

Card 3

Front

What were the two (three) main known cities of the Indus Valley?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How many people are estimated to have lived in the main cities of the Indus Valley?

Back

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Card 5

Front

People in the main cities are said to have enjoyed a good standard of living, why was it so good?

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