The October revolution

?
When was the October revolution?
1918
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What is it also referred as?
The revolution from above
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Causation of Germanys military defeat
.....
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When was Lundendoff's continued and offensive stalemate that failed?
March 1918
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When did the USA join the war?
1917
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How many new troops did the USA bring?
2 mil
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What was happening to Germany's allies that led to military failure?
They were on the brink of defeat and seeking peace terms
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Provide an example
Bulgaria
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What had caused Food and Fuel shortages?
British Navel Blockades
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Why did this result in military failure?
People were starving, weak soldiers and harder to transport goods
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What were German forces in all across the western front?
retreat
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Who decided not to rest the troops or allow retreats or time out?
Ludendorff
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When did Lundendoff know what a victory was impossible?
September 1918
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Thus, what did tell the Kaiser?
To make Germany democratic
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Why would they transform Germany into a parliamentary democracy?
.....
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What was the first reason?
It would help Lundendoff and other Miltary leaders avoid the blame for Germany's defeat
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Who would it shift the blame onto?
the new democratic politicians who would be responsible for negotiating peace terms instead
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What was the other reason?
In hope, Wilson would be more lenient with his peace terms
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What were the October reforms?
3
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1. Who did Kaiser appoint Prince Max Baden as him new chancellor?
Prince Max Baden
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2. Who was the Chancellor now responsible to the Responsible to instead of the Kaiser?
The Reichstag
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3. Who were the Armed forces put under the control of ?
The Civil government
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Why was it known as a revolution from above?
.....
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What 2 things had the October revolution not been introduced by showing it was a revolution from above?
not been introduced by popular protest or political pressure
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What was it instead designed by the Army for?
To preserve the rule of the kaiser and save Germany from humiliating peace terms
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Why was it a surface democracy showing there was moderate to minor change?
In reality the Kaiser and the Junkers still ran the country
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Who also supported the revolution? (obvious)
Kaiser and ruling elites
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Conditions and effects of the peace terms ?
....
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When did Prince Max Baden come to Wilson for an Armistice?
3rd October
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What 2 things were Baden hoping for in the peace terms?
the end of the war, keep most of the it had invaded
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What were the 3 clauses in Wilson's peace terms?
1. Evacuate all foreign territory they had invaded
2. Called an end to Submarine Warfare
3. Introduced a fully democratic political system
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What does it mean by introducing a fully democratic political system?
get rid of the Kaiser because he is very unpolitical
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Why did Wilson demand these terms in the armistice?
He was suspicious of Germany's motives
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What did Lundendorff do after these peace terms because his plan for lenient peace terms had obviously failed?
One last attempt to laugh an offensive and then fled to Sweden
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Effects on the German people
.....
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Why had the German people expected to win the war and had no idea they were losing till Oct 1918
Censored news
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How many civilians died of malnutrition - blockaded and poor harvest?
400,000
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Who did the Germans feel stabbed in the back by?
Prince max and new government
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what did the news the armistice trigger?
a growing civil discontent
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why did the German people turn against the Kaiser?
saw him as an obstacle of peace
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Timeline
...
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What event happend in September?
German Amry leaders decided they cannot win the war
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What happened 1-3rd October?
The revolution from above (3 reforms put in place eg, Baden as Chancellor)
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What day did Von Baden as Wilson for Armistice?
3rd October
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When did Wilson issue his conditions for the peace terms (and effective removal of Kaier) and the new of armistice request spread around Germany?
24th October
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is it also referred as?

Back

The revolution from above

Card 3

Front

Causation of Germanys military defeat

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

When was Lundendoff's continued and offensive stalemate that failed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When did the USA join the war?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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