Describe the journey of a blood cell through the heart.
Deoxygenated blood enters into the vena cava, through the right atrium and heart valve to the right ventricle. It then goes out through the pulmonary artery to the lungs to be oxygenated.
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Why is the heart known as a double pump system?
It has 2 pumps rather than one. The first goes to the lungs then back to the heart while the second takes oxygenated blood around the body back to the heart.
2 of 10
Compare the structure of an Artery and a Vein.
Arteries have thick walls and carry blood at high pressure with a small lumen. Veins have a large lumen and contain valves.
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How are alveoli adapted to their function?
Alveoli are thin so blood can easily pass through but they have a wide surface area and are surrounded by blood capillaries to carry lots of it.
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What are 4 components of blood?
Plasma (Carries dissolved food and is bound to red blood cells) Platelets-(Small fragments of cells that clot blood) Red blood cells- (Carries oxygen to all the cells) White blood cells- (Can change shape to destroy unwanted organisms).
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Explain how a red blood cell is adapted to its function.
Has a large concaving disk surface area. Have haemoglobin that binds to the oxygen in the lungs.
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Explain how a pacemaker works.
An artificial pacemaker sends electric current to the heart to keep it beating.
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Explain the difference between a statin and a stent.
A stent keeps arteries open during coronary heart problems, allowing blood to easily pass through to the muscles. Statins reduce cholesterol build up present in the blood stream.
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Evaluate the use of heart transplants to treat Coronary Heart Disease.
Biological heart valves are safer as they are made of muscle but they have poor durability and have to be replaced every decade. Mechanical heart valves and durable and flexible but requires frequent medication and can't be given to pregnant women.
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What causes coronary heart disease?
It is caused by a build up of fat in the coronary arteries which can result in extreme pain and heart attacks. Risk factors- drinking, smoking and lack of exercise .
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why is the heart known as a double pump system?
Back
It has 2 pumps rather than one. The first goes to the lungs then back to the heart while the second takes oxygenated blood around the body back to the heart.
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