What % of the South American Landmass does the Amazon Cover?
40%
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What are the Characteristics of the Amazon?
Hot, very wet and dense vegetation
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How many Plant species is the Amazon home to?
1million
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How many species of mammals is the Amazon home to?
500
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How many species of fish is the Amazon home to?
2000
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What endangered species are found in the Amazon?
The orangutan and Amazonian Manatee
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How many people is the Amazon home to?
20 Million people
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Why does the Amazon Experience very high rainfall?
High rates of Evaporation over the Atlantic Ocean as well as Strong winds blowing wet air towards the Amazon
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What % of rainfall does the Dense Canopy intercept?
75%
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What is the Average rainfall across the whole amazon?
2300mm annually
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What internal reasons cause the Amazon Rainforest to Experience alot of rainfall?
Half the rainfall in some areas doesn't reach the ground , it's intercepted by the forest and re-evaporated into the Atmosphere. Additional evaporation from ground and river surface as well as transpiration
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How does Moisture increase in rainfall?
Contributes to the formation of rain clouds which release water back into the Rainforest
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What % of the Amazons Moisture remains in the ecosystems water cycle?
50%
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What % of the Global terrestrial vegetation carbon stock is in the Amazon?
17%
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What impact has an increase in Concentration of CO2 in the Atmosphere had on the Amazon?
Increased productivity of the Amazon as there's more CO2 for vegetation
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What affect does increased productivity of the Amazon have on the trees?
They die younger, meaning that the effectiveness of the Amazon as a Carbon Sink has decreased
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What Anthropogenic Activities have lead to reduced effectiveness of the Amazon as a Carbon Sink?
Deforestation for Agricultural land, Mineral Extraction Energy Development and Urbanisation
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What effect does Deforestation have on the water cycle?
Less interception, increased runoff, less infiltration , increased river discharge , less rainfall due to reduced evaporation
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What effects does Deforestation have on the Carbon cycle?
Without roots to hold the soil, it erodes and becomes friable , heavy rain washes it away and top layer is transferred to the Hydrosphere along with the Carbon
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How does Deforestation decrease Carbon Absorption?
Less leaf litter, humus isn't formed , soil can't support growth so less vegetation available to absorb Carbon
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Why does Reduced Canopy cause more extreme temperatures?
Suns Rays aren't blocked during the day which means the Ground is hotter and drier, colder nights due to no heat held in by the Trees. Soils Dry and temporary water stores dry up so animals die
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What are the Aims of the Government policies in Brazil?
2005-reduce rate of deforestation by 80%
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What are Landowners now required to do?
Preserve 80% of Virgin Forest
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What is in Place to prevent people from ignoring the Policies?
Large fines or Imprisonment
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Since 2005, by how much has Brazil Reduced Deforestation?
70%
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the Characteristics of the Amazon?
Back
Hot, very wet and dense vegetation
Card 3
Front
How many Plant species is the Amazon home to?
Back
Card 4
Front
How many species of mammals is the Amazon home to?
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