Sociology - Culture, Identity & Socialisation

?
Culture
The way of life of society
1 of 59
Beliefs
Statements that people hold to be true
2 of 59
Values
Standards shared by members of a culture and used to judge wether behaviour is right or wrong
3 of 59
Norms
The behaviour that societies expect of their members in particular situations
4 of 59
Social Interaction
Any situation in which two or more people have social contact with each other
5 of 59
Customs
Norms in a particular society that are widely accepted and carry on over time
6 of 59
Laws
Rules that are given by force by being formalised by governments
7 of 59
Status
A position that someone has in society; status can be ascribed (fixed by others) or achieved.
8 of 59
Roles
The patterns of behaviour expected of someone bc of their status in society
9 of 59
Social Instiutions
Parts of society that have their own sets of norms and values, such as the family and the school system
10 of 59
Social Identity
Individuals Perception of themselves, based partly on ideas about how others see them.
11 of 59
Gender
The roles and expectations associated w/ being male or female
12 of 59
Stereotypes
The attributes that people think (often wrongly) characterise a group
13 of 59
Social Control
Ways in which members of society made to conform to norms and values
14 of 59
Rewards
A positive sanction so that someone is praised or is better off
15 of 59
Sanctions
Ways of rewarding or punishing acceptable or unacceptable behaviour, usually used in the sense of punishment.
16 of 59
Sub-Culture
A group within a larger culture that has its own distinctive norms and values
17 of 59
Youth Sub-Cultures
A subculture of adolescents or young adults that is usually distinguishable by their style, dress and musical preference
18 of 59
Value Consensus
General agreement across a society on a set of values
19 of 59
Social Conformity
Acting in accordance w/ norms and social expectations
20 of 59
Informal Social Control
Ways of controlling behaviour imposed by people w/o a formal role to do so
21 of 59
Peer Group
People of the same status
22 of 59
Ostracism
Excluding someone form the community or group
23 of 59
Formal Social Control
Social control imposed by a person or organisation who has the authority to implement rules or laws
24 of 59
Agencies of Socialisation
Institutions in which people are socialised
25 of 59
Primary Socialisation
The first and most important period of socialisation in which the individual learns the basic norms of behaviour
26 of 59
Hidden Curriculm
What pupils learn in schools apart from the content of lessons, such as importance of following rules and the consequences of not doing so
27 of 59
Peer Pressure
The influence that a peer group has to force or persuade its members to conform
28 of 59
Coercion
The use or threat of force or violence
29 of 59
Social order
The ways in which societies and their institutions remain stable over time
30 of 59
Childhood
The period before adulthood, in which individuals are not granted full adult rights
31 of 59
Adulthood
When an individual is accepted by their culture as a full member
32 of 59
Masculinitty
The expected behaviour associated w/ being male
33 of 59
Ethnic Minority
An ethnic group that is relatively small in number compared with the majority in a society and is seen as different
34 of 59
Globalisation
The complex process by which different cultures around the world are increasingly aware of, interact with and influence each other
35 of 59
Global Culture
The idea that as a result of globalisation there is or will be a single culture shared by people all around the world
36 of 59
Diversity
Where there are many differences, cultural diversity refers to the wide differences between human cultures
37 of 59
Lifestyle
The typical way of life of an individual, group or culture
38 of 59
Cultural Relativism
Considering all cultures on their own terms rather than from a western point of view
39 of 59
Multicultural Society
A society in which many different cultures or sub-cultures exist alongside each other
40 of 59
Ethnicity/Race
Ethnicity refers to cultural differences such as language and religion as well as place of origin, race refers to supposed biological differences between groups of people
41 of 59
Social Construction
The idea that social situations and events are constructed - made - by societies; they do not exist in nature as independent things
42 of 59
Age Groups
Ways in which people of the same or similar age share a status and associated roles
43 of 59
Elderly
Belonging to the age group of those advanced in years
44 of 59
Child-centred
A society in which children are highly valued and a lot of time & effort are devoted to their well being
45 of 59
Secondary Socialisation
Later socialisation, usually involving learning more specific norms for particular statuses and roles
46 of 59
Imitation
Young children learning by copying the behaviour of others
47 of 59
Role Modelling
Acting as an example so that this behaviour is copied by others
48 of 59
Sex
Being male or female
49 of 59
Manipulation
How parents and others encourage some behaviour and discourage other behaviour
50 of 59
Canalisation
Channeling children towards activities that are considered appropriate for them
51 of 59
Social Class
A form of social stratification in which people are grouped at different levels in the social hierarchy, the most common of which are the upper, middle and working classes
52 of 59
Inadequate Socialisation
When socialisation is incomplete or ineffective
53 of 59
Feral Children
'Wild' children who have not been socialised
54 of 59
Nature
The influence of biological behaviour in the nature/nurture debate
55 of 59
Nurture
The influence of society and culture on human behaviour in the nature/nurture debate
56 of 59
Role conflict
When someone finds that the demands of two or more of their roles class with each other
57 of 59
Adolescence
The period of growing up between childhood and adulthood
58 of 59
Femininity
The expected behaviour associated with being female
59 of 59

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Statements that people hold to be true

Back

Beliefs

Card 3

Front

Standards shared by members of a culture and used to judge wether behaviour is right or wrong

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The behaviour that societies expect of their members in particular situations

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Any situation in which two or more people have social contact with each other

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Sociology resources:

See all Sociology resources »See all Culture Identity and Socialisation resources »