Social stratification

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Davis and Moore
Writing from a functionalist perspective, all societies need a stratification system for society to survive and inequality is good. They argue all roles must be filled by the most able and rewards must be offered to attract and for competition.
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Goldthorpe and Lockwood
They tried to find evidence of enbourgeoisment and they found that 'affluent workers' had instrumental attitudes towards their work. Didn't see people adapting to middle class values but instead seen as new working class. Researched further by Devine
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Devine
Devine retested the idea of instrumentalism. He found no evidence of embourgeoisement and instrumentalism. There was a loss in faith in the Labour Party and critical of inequality.
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Marx
Writing from a marxist perspective, the working class are unaware of their exploitation&therefore experience a false class consciousness which is justified by the ruling class ideology. He saw those owning the means of production as having the power.
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Murray
Writing from a New right perspective, Murray blames poverty on the individuals, stating them as 'underserving poor'. The welfare reform encourages crime, unemployment and took away the incentive to work. Welfare dependency develops the underclass.
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Townsend
Focuses on measuring poverty. Townsend created a questionnaire asking question about indicators of deprivation. Income alone is not a satisfactory measure of poverty ( governments way). He says we should be looking at lifestyle.
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Walby
Writing from a feminist perspective, Walby believes there are 6 patriarchal structures: 1. House hold ( women unpaid labour) 2. Paidwork ( women lower pay) 3. The state ( welfare fail to support single mums) 4. Male violence 5. Sexuality 6. Cultural
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Weber
Weber believes stratification is mainly based on economic factors and he believed that those who share a similar position in the market economy are of the same class so will experience similar life chances. Doesn't see polarisation happening
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Devine and Li
They focused on life chances and found that links between an individuals home background and their employment had weakened. educational attainment is a crictical factor in determining an individuals employment ( meritocracy).
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C. wright mills
Focused on power relationships and how embers of the power elite are connected as they come from similar backgrounds. leading members of government, law,business often come from the same background. cycle elite is the same people holding the power.
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Marxists
When exploring power, marxists the capitalist society is unequal and the bourgeoisie own means of production and hold power over workers. The ruling class exploit working class by keeping their wages low.
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Functionalist
Everyone in society has power and social order is maintained by socialisation into agreed norms and values consensus- in agreement and not conflict.
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Edgell
Focused on power relationships and interviewed middle class couples&found that men had decision making roles and women had control over minor things. Men are still often major earners, leaving women financially dependent.
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Marxists/ Feminist
Writing from a conflict theorist perspective, they say that pressure groups make people think they have power, when n fact they don't. Government is only willing to listen to specific groups they chose. Ruling class pressure groups have power.
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Functionalist
Writing from a pluralist perspective, they believe pressure groups play an important role in society and allow anyone to put pressure on government. This is crucial to democracy and enables citizens to participate in political processes.
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Chester
Belived that there has not been much change in recent times and that most people will still live in nuclear families. This is due to: changes in law, social attitudes, work, secularisation and immigration.
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Zaretsky
Writing from marxists perspective, Zaretsky blames conjugal roles on capitalisms and says the family provides unpaid labour, reproducing the labour force and being a unit of consumption. Family cushions the effect of capitalism-expressing frustration
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

They tried to find evidence of enbourgeoisment and they found that 'affluent workers' had instrumental attitudes towards their work. Didn't see people adapting to middle class values but instead seen as new working class. Researched further by Devine

Back

Goldthorpe and Lockwood

Card 3

Front

Devine retested the idea of instrumentalism. He found no evidence of embourgeoisement and instrumentalism. There was a loss in faith in the Labour Party and critical of inequality.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Writing from a marxist perspective, the working class are unaware of their exploitation&therefore experience a false class consciousness which is justified by the ruling class ideology. He saw those owning the means of production as having the power.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Writing from a New right perspective, Murray blames poverty on the individuals, stating them as 'underserving poor'. The welfare reform encourages crime, unemployment and took away the incentive to work. Welfare dependency develops the underclass.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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