Russia 1917-53

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Which tsarist chief minister was shot by a socialist assassin while attending the theatre in 1911?
Stolypin
1 of 134
At least 150 striking mine workers were shot by the tsarist military in 1912, near which Siberian river?
Lena
2 of 134
Which Octobrist politician became chairman of the Duma in 1911, remaining in this role until the February Revolution?
Rodzianko
3 of 134
On the eve of the February Revolution, who described the Petrograd protestors as a "hooligan movement"?
Tsarina Alexandra
4 of 134
Which liberal-minded member of the nobility became the first post-tsarist prime minister of Russia in March 1917?
Prince Lvov
5 of 134
Almost 100,000 Russian soldiers were taken prisoner after which World War I battle, fought in August 1914?
Tannenburg
6 of 134
Tsar Nicholas II signed the 1917 instrument of abdication in a railway car near which Russian town?
Pskov
7 of 134
Grigori Rasputin was murdered in December 1916 by a small group of conspirators led by which minor royal?
Yusupov
8 of 134
The February Revolution of 1917 started with a protest in Petrograd by a large crowd of what?
Civilian Women
9 of 134
What historical building in St Petersburg housed meetings of the State Duma until 1917?
The Tauride Palace
10 of 134
Which notable revolutionary was editor of the Bolshevik newspaper Pravda at the time of the February Revolution?
Stalin
11 of 134
Among the first to support both the February and October Revolutions of 1917 were sailors from which large base?
Krondstadt
12 of 134
The abdication of Nicholas II in March 1917 spelled the end for the Romanov dynasty, which ruled for how many years?
304 years
13 of 134
First published in 1917 was the official newspaper of the Petrograd Soviet, called...?
Izvestia
14 of 134
Lenin, Zinoviev and several other leading Bolsheviks returned to Russia from exile in which month?
April
15 of 134
Order Number One, requiring endorsement of all Provisional Government orders, was passed by which body?
Petrograd Soviet
16 of 134
In which document did Lenin demand non-compliance with the Provisional Government and a socialist revolution?
April Theses
17 of 134
What term was used by the Bolsheviks to describe the organisation, decision-making and discipline of their party?
Democratic Centralism
18 of 134
Following the 1917 February Revolution, which Bolshevik leader suggested working with the Provisional Government?
Stalin
19 of 134
In May 1917 the socialist politician Alexander Kerensky accepted which position in the Provisional Government?
Minister for war
20 of 134
Which major political party split in 1917, the more radical left-wing faction siding with the Bolsheviks?
SR’s
21 of 134
A spontaneous attempt to overthrow the Provisional Government erupted in Petrograd in which month?
July
22 of 134
Which building in Petrograd served as the Bolshevik headquarters prior to and during the October Revolution?
Smolny Institute
23 of 134
Which tsarist military commander made an unsuccessful attempt to depose the Provisional Government in August 1917?
Lvar kornilov
24 of 134
What were the three demands repeated by Lenin in 1917?
Peace, bread & land.
25 of 134
What name was given to the militia formed by the Bolsheviks in 1917, mainly from armed factory workers?
Red Guard
26 of 134
Which leader of the Kadets was forced to resign from the Provisional Government after promising the Allies to keep Russia in the war?
Milyukov
27 of 134
In October 1917 a shot was fired from which naval cruiser, as a signal to start the Bolshevik Revolution?
Aurora
28 of 134
The military seizure of Petrograd in October 1917 was largely planned by which leading Bolshevik?
Trotsky
29 of 134
Bolshevik forces seized control of the Winter Palace and arrested the Provisional Government in the early hours of...?
Oct 26th
30 of 134
Following the Bolshevik takeover of Petrograd, Lenin famously presented power to which assembly?
Congress of Soviets
31 of 134
According to legend, socialists who opposed the Bolshevik seizure of power were condemned by Trotsky to what?
The dustbin of history
32 of 134
The Council of Commissars, the executive body of the new Soviet government, was better known as what?
Sovnarkom
33 of 134
In 1918 the Bolshevik government ordered which symbol to be placed on the national flag?
Hammer and sickle
34 of 134
Soviet-German peace negotiations to end World War I began in November 1917 in which Polish town?
Brest-Litovsk
35 of 134
The December 1917 elections for the Constituent Assembly produced a significant majority for which revolutionary party?
SR's
36 of 134
The Constituent Assembly met for the first time - and was almost immediately dissolved - in which month?
January 1918
37 of 134
What government position was given to Trotsky in February 1918?
Commissar for War
38 of 134
Which group attempted to overthrow the Bolsheviks by seizing control of Moscow in July 1918?
Left SR's
39 of 134
The Romanov royal family was detained and eventually executed in which remote city?
Ekaterinburg
40 of 134
Appointed by Lenin in late 1917 to head the CHEKA was which Polish born noble and political radical?
Dzerzhinsky
41 of 134
In August 1918 Lenin sent a telegram to Penza, ordering the public execution of 100 what?
Kulaks
42 of 134
In August 1918 a former member of the SRs attempted to assassinate Lenin. What was her name?
Fanny Kaplan
43 of 134
By late 1918 White general Alexander Kolchak and his army had taken control of which region?
Siberia
44 of 134
Which organisation, formed in March 1919, was tasked with supporting socialist revolutionary groups around the world?
Comintern
45 of 134
Name three allied nations that sent military forces to Russia to assist the Whites during the Russia Civil War?
USA, Australia, China, France
46 of 134
In August 1920 a large peasant uprising against Bolshevik rule erupted in which region?
Tambov
47 of 134
What was the name of the emergency economic policy implemented by the Bolsheviks during the Civil War?
War Communism
48 of 134
In 1918 the Bolshevik regime moved the Russian capital from Petrograd to which more secure city?
Moscow
49 of 134
Emerging in early 1921, which faction of the Bolshevik movement pushed for greater worker control of production?
Workers opposition
50 of 134
In February 1921 personnel at which naval base rebelled against the government, forming their own non-Bolshevik Soviet?
Krondstadt
51 of 134
At its 10th Congress in March 1921 the Communist Party sought to restore discipline by banning what?
Factions
52 of 134
In May 1922 Lenin suffered what medical emergency, the first of several that would eventually cause his death?
A stroke
53 of 134
What revised economic policy was introduced by Lenin in March 1921?
NEP
54 of 134
Which revolutionary was appointed general secretary of the Communist Party in April 1922?
Stalin
55 of 134
Which Bolshevik revolutionary was a significant social reformer and the wife of Vladimir Lenin?
Krupskaya
56 of 134
Which Bolshevik was NOT a member of the troika, the three-man alliance that wielded power in 1923-24?
Trotsky
57 of 134
What name was given to the widening gap between prices of food and industrial goods, described by Trotsky in 1923?
The Scissor crisis
58 of 134
What name was given to the merchants and hawkers who benefited from the Bolshevik economic reforms of 1921?
NEPMEN
59 of 134
According to the political testament of Lenin, what attribute did Stalin have that made him unworthy of leadership?
“Too rude”
60 of 134
Which Bolshevik leader was an advocate of women’s rights and free love?
Kollontai
61 of 134
What name was given to the brutal repression of political opponents, implemented by the Bolsheviks between mid-1918 to the early 1920s?
The Red Terror
62 of 134
In 1918 which publication became the "official organ" of the Russian Communist Party?
Pravda
63 of 134
In 1922 the Soviet government authorised the confiscation of property from what organisations?
The Church
64 of 134
What key event did Stalin trick Trotsky into not attending in 1924?
Lenin's funeral
65 of 134
Which leadership contender was on the right side of the party and advocated the continuation of NEP?
Bukharin
66 of 134
Which policy advocated by Stalin gained him a lot of support from within the party?
'Socialism in one country'
67 of 134
What agricultural policy was set up by Stalin in 1928?
Collectivisation
68 of 134
What was a Kolkhoz?
A name for a collective farm
69 of 134
Describe 2 targets of Stalin’s first 5 year plan.
Steel production, coal production, iron ore production
70 of 134
When was the Tsar and his family murdered?
July 1918
71 of 134
When did Kolchak declare himself supreme ruler of Russia?
November 1918
72 of 134
Who were the Green army affiliated to?
Nobody, they fought independently
73 of 134
People who formed the Green Army were from which two ‘independent nations?’
Ukraine & Georgia
74 of 134
Who led the green army in the Ukraine?
Nestor Makhno
75 of 134
When did Denikin’s army reach the high point of their advance?
October 1919
76 of 134
When did Yudenich’s army reach the outskirts of Petrograd?
October 1919
77 of 134
When was Kolchak shot?
February 1920
78 of 134
When was Denikin’s army evacuated to the Crimea?
March 1920
79 of 134
When were the Whites eventually defeated after the defeat of Wrangel’s army?
October 1920
80 of 134
When did the struggle in the Ukraine linger on until?
1921
81 of 134
What two years were described as high NEP?
1924-25
82 of 134
Describe High NEP
Most successful and supported years of NEP
83 of 134
What was the role of GOSPLAN?
To create a single economic plan
84 of 134
Who was put in charge of the supreme economic council in 1924?
Dzerzhinsky
85 of 134
What had happened to average industrial wages by 1926?
Pre – war levels
86 of 134
What occurred in 1927 that encouraged peasants to hang on to their goods?
Shortage in consumer goods ‘good famine’
87 of 134
What act of legislation was introduced in 1926 (article 107 of the criminal code)?
Harsh penalties for speculation
88 of 134
What organisation designed the first five year plan?
Gosplan
89 of 134
What did the first five year plan promise for coal and steel production?
That it would double.
90 of 134
What happened in 1928 in the don basin?
A Show Trial
91 of 134
What was the nomenklatura system?
Grouping of key jobs in party and state, appointed by the secretariat, Stalin at the helm
92 of 134
What could be seen all over the soviet union during the 1930’s?
Heroic images of Stalin.
93 of 134
Who did Stalin work with in China in the late 1920’s?
Chiang Kai Shek
94 of 134
Why was this seen as a betrayal by Trotsky and Zinoviev? (Stalin working with china)
Promoting enemies of communists
95 of 134
What was the agreement made between The Soviet Union and Germany in 1926?
Berlin (Trade)
96 of 134
In what year was Trotsky sent into foreign exile?
1929
97 of 134
Define socialist realism
A style of realistic art that developed to further socialism in one country and glorify the working classes
98 of 134
In what year did the Union of Writers hold a conference to elaborate on the notion of socialist Realism?
1934
99 of 134
Who policed the new ideas on soviet culture?
Zhdanov
100 of 134
Above all, what did socialist realism reject?
Western bourgeois decadence / decadent western culture
101 of 134
Which composers music was condemned by Pravda in 1936 for being ‘cacophony, not music’?
Dmitri Shostakovich
102 of 134
Which novel by Sholokhov subtly conformed to the socialist realism movement and portrayed everyday life in the Cossack south?
'Quietly flows the don'
103 of 134
Many artists portrayed scenes from Stalin’s career and showed him in what three roles?
Leader, Teacher & Father of the people
104 of 134
Why did many Soviet citizens actually view this period in the 30s as exciting rather than dull?
It was closely related to the massive technological change
105 of 134
In the 1930’s what form of media became the most popular method of tying the Soviet people to the state?
Cinema
106 of 134
What piece of propaganda was produced for the World Trade Fair in Paris in 1937?
A 24.5 meter high stainless steel statue of a worker and woman
107 of 134
Describe the heroic story of Pavlik Morozov that became a famous children's story.
A child denounces his Kulak father and then is murdered by his relatives
108 of 134
What slogan was widely used to ally Stalin to Lenin?
'Stalin is the Lenin of today'
109 of 134
What were the two major weaknesses in Soviet industry by 1941?
There was an insufficient supply of labour, many technical experts had been purged
110 of 134
By how much did the areas able to be sown with grain increase between 1932 and 1940?
1%
111 of 134
Name two social benefits of the 30’s that were reduced after 1938.
Maternity benefits and free education.
112 of 134
In what year did the allies open up the western front during the war?
1944
113 of 134
What percentage of Russian Jeeps were supplied via the US lend – lease system?
66%
114 of 134
What percentage of the Russian trains was supplied in this way?
95%
115 of 134
State three facts about Soviet wartime propaganda.
Over Exaggerated nazi losses, over exaggerated Russian wins & gained the term ‘Great patriotic war’
116 of 134
How much compulsory overtime was introduced during WWII?
3 hours
117 of 134
How many extra factories were built during the war?
3,500
118 of 134
Where were they built? (The extra factories during the war)
Siberia &Urals
119 of 134
Describe how Stalin dealt with religion during WWII.
He reopened the churches and got the pope to support the war effort.
120 of 134
Why did he do this? (reopen the church)
To gain the religious population support
121 of 134
Who led the Russian Army?
Zhukov
122 of 134
How many casualties did Stalin’s refusal to retreat at Kharkov cost the Russian Army?
85,000
123 of 134
Who were the people’s militia?
A group who weren’t part of the army but voluntarily fought in the war.
124 of 134
How many zones was Berlin divided into post WWII and who controlled these zones?
4- Britain, USSR, US, France
125 of 134
Which three previously independent Baltic States became part of the USSR post WWII?
Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia
126 of 134
How many refugees fled West between 1944 and 1945?
12 million
127 of 134
Approximately how many Soviet Citizens died during WWII?
20 million
128 of 134
What did GOSPLAN do in August 1945?
New five year plan
129 of 134
What was ended in August 1945?
Lend lease
130 of 134
Write one sentence to describe how Soviet Industry fared post WWII.
Not greater than 1940’s levels but recovering.
131 of 134
What type of disaster hit the Soviet Union (again) in 1946-47?
Famine
132 of 134
How many Collective Farms had been ruined by the war?
98,000
133 of 134
Which sector recovered quickest after the war; Agriculture or Industry?
Industry
134 of 134

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

At least 150 striking mine workers were shot by the tsarist military in 1912, near which Siberian river?

Back

Lena

Card 3

Front

Which Octobrist politician became chairman of the Duma in 1911, remaining in this role until the February Revolution?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

On the eve of the February Revolution, who described the Petrograd protestors as a "hooligan movement"?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Which liberal-minded member of the nobility became the first post-tsarist prime minister of Russia in March 1917?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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