Romanian orphan studies

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  • Created by: _marxlee
  • Created on: 29-04-17 16:03
what does institutionalisation refer to?
when children are looked after somewhere other than a home, for instance they may be in some kind of orphanage or children's home
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why is it impossible for children to form any attachments in institutions?
have so many changes of carers in the institution
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what are ERA studies?
a series of natural experiments that have been published at various times
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the children were studied soon after arrival at ?,?,??,??
4,6,11,15
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what is a longitudinal study?
a study that takes place over time
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what is a natural experiment?
the iv is not manipulated by the experimenter because it exists prior to the study; the experimenters simply measure the effect of the IV
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how many romanian children were assessed?
111
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what were they assessed on?
a variety of measures of physical and intellectual ability on arrival in britain
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true or false? most of them had been in institutional care from shortly after they were born
true
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how many conditions were they split into?
3
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what was the first condition?
adopted before 6 months
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what was the 2nd condition?
adopted between 6 months and 2 years old
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what was the 3rd conditions?
adopted after two years
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what were the orphans assessed for on arrival in the uk?
height, head circumference, and cognitive functioning
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when were they assessed again?
the age of 4
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how many were in the control group of british adopted children?
52
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why were the control group assessed?
to see whether negative effects were due to separation from carers or the institutional conditions of the romanian orphanages
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what was the findings in relation to IQ?
average score for romanians of arrival-63
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what was the IQ for those adopted when over 6 months?
average was 45
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what was the physical development score?
it was poor, 51% of them being in the bottom 3% of the population for weight
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true or false? orphans were shorter in height than was normal for their age and had smaller head circumferences
true
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what age were the romanian orphans tested again?
4 and compared to the control group, all aged 4, who had shown none of the negative effects suffered by the romanians
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at the age of 4, orphans adopted before 6 months showed what?
no significant differences in either intellectual or physical development with the control group
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what did the IQ of the romanians increase to?
107
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for those who were adopted after 6 moths, what was their IQ at 4?
90
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who tended to do less well?
older orphans in terms of physical development too
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how old were the children in follow up studies?
6, 11
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what did rutter find?
many had normal levels of functioning. however 64% of children who displayed disinhibited attachment at 6yrs still did at 11yrs
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true or false? many were receiving help from either special educational and mental health services
true
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what is meant by disinhibited attachment?
lack of close, confiding relationships, rather than indiscriminate friendliness and clinging, attention seeking behaviour
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what did le mare and audet study?
longitudinal study on 36 romanian orphans adopted into canada
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what did she look specifically at?
physical growth and health
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what did she find?
adopted orphans were physically smaller than control group at 4 1/2 years old but that this difference had disappeared by 10 1/2
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what does le mare and audet's study show?
recovery is possible from physical effects of institutionalisation
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how has romanian orphan studies have high reliability?
other studies of romanian orphans have found similar results to Rutter
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what did o'connor find?
indiscriminate friendliness was positively correlated to length of time in an institution
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what does this suggest?
rutters findings were reliable
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what was good about using a longitudinal study?
able to see the real life, long term effects of institutionalisation
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what is a critique of using natural experiments?
issues with extraneous variables and difficulties in establishing cause and effect
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what is a practical application of romanian orphan studies?
led to improvements in the way children are cared for in institutions and so have been immensely valuable in practical terms
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what have children now been assigned?
a key worker and have perhaps only one or two other caregivers responsible for them so that the children have a chance to develop normal attachments, avoiding disinhibited attachments
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Card 2

Front

why is it impossible for children to form any attachments in institutions?

Back

have so many changes of carers in the institution

Card 3

Front

what are ERA studies?

Back

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Card 4

Front

the children were studied soon after arrival at ?,?,??,??

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is a longitudinal study?

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