when plants prevent some rainfall from directly reaching the ground, for example, water on leaves or foliage. Secondary interception occurs at ground level where water hits undergrowth.
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Evaporation
Moisture is lost directly into the atmosphere from soil and water surfaces due to the sun's heat.
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Transpiration
A biological process where some water is lost from stomata pores in plant leaves
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Potential evapotranspiration
The amount of water that could be lost by evapotranspiration.
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Infiltration
Where water slowly soaks into the soil from the ground.
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Precipitation
The most important input into the system forms includes snow, hail, rain, and fog.
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Percolation
Water in the soil does not remain there but moves down slowly into the lower layers of soil and rock.
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Throughflow
where water moves downwards through layers of soil.
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Channel Flow
downhill movement of water in rivers.
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Groundwater Flow
Lateral movement of water from the water table.
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Drainage Basin
the entire geographical area drained by a river and its tributaries
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Watershed
the boundaries of the drainage basin, usually marked by areas of higher land.
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Storm hydrograph
graphs that show how a drainage basin responds to a period of rainfall. They are useful in planning for flood situations and times of drought
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Deposition
the laying down of solid material, in the form of sediment, on a bed of a river, or the sea floor
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Erosion
The break up of rocks by the action of rock particles being moved over the earth's surface by water, wind and ice.
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Transportation
The movement of particles from the place they were eroded to the place they are deposited.
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Abrasion (corrasion)
particles hit into/against the banks of the river.
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Hydraulic Action
caused by the sheer power of moving water. cutting cracks in banks ect.
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Corrosion
the minerals in the rock are dissolved by weak acids in the river water and carried away in solution.
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attrition
reduction of the saize of fragments and particles, strike on one another, smoother more rounded downstream.
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Traction
large stones and boulders are rolled along the river bed by water moving downstream. At times of high discharge.
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Saltation
Small stones bounce or leap frog along the channel bed. High energy conditions.
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Suspension
very small particles of sand and silt are carried along by the flow of the river. also picked up through turbulence.
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Solution
dissolved minerals are transported.
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The capacity
amount of material the river can carry
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The competence
diameter of the largest particle that it can carry for a given velocity.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Evaporation
Back
Moisture is lost directly into the atmosphere from soil and water surfaces due to the sun's heat.
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