Respiration

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Explain the difference between respiration and ventilation.
Respiration is a chemical reaction that releases energy and ventilation is the process of breathing.
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Name the reactants in aerobic respiration.
Glucose and oxygen
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Define the term 'aerobic'.
‘In the presence of oxygen’
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Give the word equation for respiration.
Glucose and oxygen  carbon dioxide and water [and energy]
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Name the process that provides oxygen for respiration.
Ventilation, or breathing
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Describe the conditions under which anaerobic respiration occurs.
When cells do not have enough oxygen
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Give the word equation for anaerobic respiration.
Glucose  lactic acid [and energy]
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What are the effects of producing too much lactic acid?
Muscle fatigue and cramp
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Name the process by which oxygen moves into the cells for respiration.
Diffusion
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Give the word equation for anaerobic respiration in microorganisms.
Glucose  ethanol and carbon dioxide [and energy]
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Explain the economic importance of anaerobic respiration in microorganisms .
Anaerobic respiration in microorganisms (fermentation) produces alcohol, which we consume.
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Suggest the approximate percentage of alcohol in beer, wine and spirits.
Beers are 4%, wines are 12% and spirits are 40%.
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Name the organelle in which respiration occurs.
Mitochondria
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What are the uses of the energy released during respiration?
The seven life processes: movement, reproduction, sensitivity, nutrition, excretion, and growth
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Explain why respiration is an exothermic reaction.
It releases energy.
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Give the proportion of energy released in anaerobic respiration compared with aerobic respiration.
5%
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Define the term 'oxygen debt'.
The temporary shortage of oxygen in respiring tissues and organs
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Explain why your heart rate and breathing rate increase during exercise.
Your body needs to respire more to provide the energy for your muscle cells to keep on exercising. This means you need to breathe faster and deeper to provide oxygen and increase your heart rate to pump this oxygen and more glucose to your muscles
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Define the term 'fermentation' .
The chemical breakdown of glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide by respiring microorganisms such as yeast
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Define the term 'metabolism' .
The sum of all the chemical reactions that happen in an organism
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Describe an experiment in which you investigate the heat produced by respiring yeast.
Heat 200 cm3 of 10% glucose solution to 35c and add 20 g of baker’s yeast. Place in a thermos flask with a thermometer held by a tightly fitting bung. A second hole in the bung relieves pressure inside the flask. Monitor temp for next hour
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Explain why energy is not a product of respiration.
Energy is not a chemical and so cannot be a product.
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Explain why photosynthesis and aerobic respiration are not the opposite of each other.
Energy is required for photosynthesis to occur whereas respiration releases energy.
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Give the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration.
C6h12o6 + 6o2  6co2 + 6h2 o [+ energy]
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Explain the flow of energy through photosynthesis and aerobic respiration.
Photosynthesis is an endothermic reaction, which requires light energy from its surroundings to occur. Respiration is an exothermic reaction, which releases energy to its surroundings.
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Name the main source of energy for the vast majority of the reactions in your cells.
Atp (adenosine triphosphate)
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Explain what happens when you have paid your oxygen debt to your body.
The lactic acid reacts with the new oxygen in your body to produce carbon dioxide and water, which releases the remaining 95% (or 19/20th) of the energy.
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Where is the unreleased energy stored in anaerobic respiration?
In the chemical bonds of the lactic acid
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What happens to the lactic acid produced during anaerobic respiration?
It diffuses into your blood and is carried to your liver, where is broken down by an oxidation reaction.
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Define the term 'oxidation' .
Any reaction in which a substance gives up electrons, as when reacting with oxygen
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Describe an experiment in which you investigate the oxygen consumption for respiration in two invertebrate species.
Place a grasshopper into a boiling tube and use a cotton wool stopper half way to trap it. Place a small amount of soda lime after the cotton wool. Place a bung with a capillary tube running through it and a water drop in into the boiling tube. Watch
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name the reactants in aerobic respiration.

Back

Glucose and oxygen

Card 3

Front

Define the term 'aerobic'.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Give the word equation for respiration.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name the process that provides oxygen for respiration.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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