The process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose (a sugar).
1 of 28
Why is respiration a universal chemical process?
Because it goes on in every cell in all living organisms, all the time
2 of 28
As the energy transferred by respiration can’t be used directly by cells, what is it used for?
To make a substance called ATP
3 of 28
What does ATP store?
The energy needed for many cell processes
4 of 28
What is respiration controlled by?
Enzymes
5 of 28
What two things affect the rate of respiration?
Temperature and pH
6 of 28
Why is respiration an exothermic reaction?
Because it transfers energy to the environment (by heat)
7 of 28
How can cells respire?
By using glucose as a substrate
8 of 28
What type of organic molecules can organisms break down to use as substrates for respiration?
Carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
9 of 28
When does aerobic respiration happen?
When there is plenty of oxygen available
10 of 28
What is the most efficient way to transfer energy from glucose?
Aerobic respiration
11 of 28
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen - carbon dioxide + water
12 of 28
What does aerobic mean?
With oxygen
13 of 28
What does anaerobic mean?
Without oxygen
14 of 28
How much of ATP does aerobic respiration produce?
32 molecules per molecule of glucose
15 of 28
Why isn’t anaerobic respiration the best way to transfer energy from energy?
Because it transfers much less energy per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration
16 of 28
How much of ATP does anaerobic respiration produce?
2 molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose are produced
17 of 28
When you do vigorous exercise, why do your muscles start respiring anaerobically?
Because your body can’t supply enough oxygen to your muscles for aerobic respiration - even though your heart rate and breathing rate increases as much as it can
18 of 28
What is the glucose like in anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid
19 of 28
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
Glucose - lactic acid
20 of 28
What is a disadvantage of anaerobic respiration?
The lactic acid builds up in the muscles, which gets painful and makes your muscles exhausted
21 of 28
What is an advantage of anaerobic respiration?
You can keep on using your muscles
22 of 28
After resorting to anaerobic respiration, what do you have when you stop exercising?
You will have an oxygen debt
23 of 28
Why do you need extra oxygen after finishing anaerobic respiration?
To break down all the lactic acid that has built up and to allow aerobic respiration to begin again.
24 of 28
What is an example when plants need to use anaerobic respiration?
In waterlogged soil (where there is little or no oxygen) plant root cells respire anaerobically
25 of 28
What do plants and fungi produce during anaerobic respiration?
Glucose - ethanol + carbon dioxide
26 of 28
Name the products of anaerobic respiration in plants
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
27 of 28
Why is it advantageous for organisms to respire anaerobically rather than anaerobically?
Aerobic respiration produces a lot more ATP than anaerobic respiration
28 of 28
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why is respiration a universal chemical process?
Back
Because it goes on in every cell in all living organisms, all the time
Card 3
Front
As the energy transferred by respiration can’t be used directly by cells, what is it used for?
Comments
No comments have yet been made