Marxist take the viewpoint that religion can only be seen as a conservative ideology- explain what this means?
a set of r/c ideas that legitimate class inequalities
1 of 26
however, how does Marx see religion (hint: it has a dual character)
Marxists recognise that the ideas, including religious ideas, can have relative autonomy - they can be partly independent of the capitalist economic base of society
2 of 26
which sociologist supports the belief that religion has a dual character?
Marx
3 of 26
Maduro (1982) suggested the..............?
liberation theory
4 of 26
briefly explain the above with reference to location and time period?
the liberation theory is a movement that emerged within a catholic church in Latin America with a strong commitment to the poor and opposition to the military
5 of 26
what is one factor that led to this movement?
deepening rural poverty throughout latin america
6 of 26
according to Casanova what did this movement result in achieving?
this movement resulted in playing an important part in resisting state terror and bringing about democracy
7 of 26
to summaries, the......... shows that the same organisation can be both ...... and a .................................. because both Catholicism and........ based their actions on the same religious texts
liberation theory, conservative, force for social change, liberation theory
8 of 26
however, who/what has now created competition reducing the impact of this movement?
LT has faced competition from pentecostal churches, which have made big inroads in Latin America among the poor
9 of 26
what is pentecostalism?
this offers an option for the poor, they have a chance to pull themselves out of poverty through their own effort
10 of 26
how are millienarian movements reducing the impact?
millenirian movements is largely to the poor because they promise immediate improvement
11 of 26
who did Worsley study? and briefly describe his research.
worsley studied the millenarian movements in Malenesia known as the cargo cults. the islanders felt wrongfully deprived when a 'cargo' arrived in the islanders for the colonists.
12 of 26
worsley notes that the movements combined elements of what?
traditional beliefs with elements of christianity- such as ideas about heaven where the suffering of the righteous will be rewarded
13 of 26
what is Hegemony?
this is a term Gramsci uses to refer to the way that the r/c use the ideas such as religion to maintain control
14 of 26
however, hegemony is never guaranteed, why is this?
because it is always possible for the w/c to develop an alternative vision of how society should be organised
15 of 26
what is the link between Engles and Gramsci?
both see religion as having a dual character and he notes that in some circumstances, it can challenge as well *** support the r/c
16 of 26
what does Billings provide as supporting evidence for hegemony?
billings argues that the the differences in levels of militancy can be understood in terms of hegemony and the role of religion
17 of 26
what are the three ways that Billings identifies as hegemony being supported or challenged?
leadership, organisation and support
18 of 26
what is leadership?
miners benefited from leadership, many of them lay preachers who were themselves miners and trade union activists
19 of 26
what is organisations?
the minors were able to use independent churches to hold meetings and organise, whereas the textile workers lack such space
20 of 26
what is support?
the churches kept miners morale high with supportive sermons, prayer meetings and group singing.
21 of 26
what did billings therefore include?
billings concluded that religion can play a prominent oppositional role. His study shows that the same religion can be called upon either to defend the status quo or justify the struggle to change it
22 of 26
what is class conciousness?
when a w/c becomes aware of its own true interests and begins to act to further those interests
23 of 26
what is dual consciousness?
in neo marxist theory, a set of beliefs that are partly shaped by r/c ideology but also partly see through it becomes of the experience of exploitation
24 of 26
what is hegemony?
political or cultural dominance through ideas, not force
25 of 26
what is ideology?
a distorted set of beliefs that favours the interests of a particular social group
26 of 26
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
however, how does Marx see religion (hint: it has a dual character)
Back
Marxists recognise that the ideas, including religious ideas, can have relative autonomy - they can be partly independent of the capitalist economic base of society
Card 3
Front
which sociologist supports the belief that religion has a dual character?
Back
Card 4
Front
Maduro (1982) suggested the..............?
Back
Card 5
Front
briefly explain the above with reference to location and time period?
Comments
No comments have yet been made