Countries with low economic output per person, often measured by Gross National Product (GNP).
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Optimum population total (OPT)
The number of people that an area can support in a way that allows them to have a sustainable standard of living.
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Overpopulated
The idea that there can be too many people in an area for its resources to sustain.
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Birth rate
The number of children born in a year for every 1000 people in a population.
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Death rate
The number of people who die in a year for every 1000 people in a population.
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Fertility rate
The average number of children to which each women gives birth.
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More Economicaly Developed Countries (LEDCs)
Countries where there is a high level of economic activity and where there is generally a good standard of living for most people.
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Replacement rate
The number of children that need to be born to replace the present population.
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Demographic transition
Model showing how the population in a country changes over time as birth and death rates fall.
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Demography
The study of population.
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HIV/AIDS
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a set of symptoms and infections resulting from the damage to the human immune system caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
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Pandemic
A disease that affects a very large area, often crossing between continents.
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Dependancy ratio
The ratio between the economically active population and those who are dependant on them.
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Life expectancy
The average number of years a person may expect to live when born, assuming past trends continue.
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Migration
To move from one country to live in another.
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Population pyramid
A graph to show a country's population structure.
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Population structure
The balance of people of different ages and genders in a country's population.
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Literacy rate
The percentage of people who have basic reading skills.
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Shanty towns
Areas of housing that people build themselves, often on the edges of big cities in LEDCs, on land they do not own.
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Counterurbanisation
Movement of people away from a city or town.
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Natural increase
An increase in population when there are more births than deaths in a year.
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Net migration
The difference between people moving into a country and those who move out.
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Retirement village
A small settlement designed for elderly people.
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Zero growth
When the birth rate and death rate in a country are about the same and the population is not increasing.
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Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs)
Countries that have moved rapidly from having limited economic development to having many new industries producing goods for both the home and export market.
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Region
A large area in a country that has some common features, for example of landscape and the type of economy.
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Subsidies and Grants
Money that a government can give or loan to a business.
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Asylum
To claim safety in another country.
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Economic migrants
People who move to another country to get a better job and improve their standard of living.
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Immigration
The movement of people in a country, to live there.
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Refugees
People who have fled from their homes in one country, usually against their will, to seek a more secure life elsewhere.
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Informal sector
Jobs that are often without regular hours and payment.
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Slums
Areas of poor, crowded housing in cities.
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Urbanisation
The process though which an increasing percentage of a country's population lives in urban areas compared with rural areas.
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Infrastructure
The basi amenities that people need in a city, such as roads, sewerage, electricity and water supplies.
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Squatters
People who occupy land illegally and may build ho
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Countries with low economic output per person, often measured by Gross National Product (GNP).
Back
Less Economically Developed Countries (LEDCs)
Card 3
Front
The number of people that an area can support in a way that allows them to have a sustainable standard of living.
Back
Card 4
Front
The idea that there can be too many people in an area for its resources to sustain.
Back
Card 5
Front
The number of children born in a year for every 1000 people in a population.
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