Population Change

Key words from the AQA Geography A book, and from school work.

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  • Created by: Basital
  • Created on: 24-10-16 16:40
Population distribution
The way in which people are spread out in an area.
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Population density
The number of people living in an area (usually per square kilometer)
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LEDC
Less economically developed country
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MEDC
More economically developed country
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Zero Growth
A population in balance. Birth rate is equal to death rate, so there is no growth or decrease.
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Natural decrease
The death rate exceeds the birthrate
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Exponential growth
A pattern where the growth rate constantly increases - often shows as a J curve graph
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Birth Rate (BR)
The number of births per 1,000 people per year
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Death Rate (DR)
The number of deaths per 1,000 people per year
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Natural Change
The difference the birth rate and earth rate, expressed as a percentage
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Natural Increase (NI)
The birth rate exceeds the death rate
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Life expectancy
The number of years a person is expected to live, usually taken from birth
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Replacement rate
A birth rate high enough for a generation to be the same size as the one before it
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Census
Is a record of how many people live at a property and their occupants. It is done every 11 years
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Population Pyramid
A type of bar graph used to show the age and gender structure of a country, city or area. The horizontal axis is divided into either numbers of percentages of the population. The central vertical axis shows eye categories every 10/5/1 years.
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Newly industrialized countries (NICS)
These include the Asian 'Tigers' as well as other emerging inThe number of births per 1,000 people per year industrial nations such as Malaysia, the Philippine, and China
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Asian 'Tiger'
One of the four east Asian countries of Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan, where the manufacturing industry grew rapidly form the 1960's to the 1990's
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Rural-to-Urban-Migration
Moving home from a rural area to settle in the city
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Age Structure
The proportions of each age group in a population. This links closely to the stage a country has reached in the demographic transition model
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Gender Structure
The balance between males and females in a population. Small differences can tell us a great deal about a country or city
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Infant Mortality
The number of babies that die under a year of age per 1,000 live births
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Child Mortality
The number of children that die under five years of age per 1,000 live births
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Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita
The total value of goods and services produced by a country in one year divided by its total population. Foreign income is not included
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Literacy rate
The percentage of adults in a country who can read and write sufficiently to function fully in work and society
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Fragile Environment
An environment that is easily unbalanced and damaged by natural or human factors
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European Union (EU)
A group of countries across Europe that work towards a single market, i.e they trade as if they were one country, without any trade barriers.
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Dependents
People aged under 15 (Young dependents) and people aged 65 and over (Elderly dependents)
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Economically active
People aged between 15 and 64 who work, pay tax and support themselves and the rest of the population
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Push factors
Push factors are the negative aspects of a place that encourages people to move away
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Pull factors
Pull factors are the attractions and opportunities of a place that encourages people to move there
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Migration
The movement of people from one permanent home to another, with the intention of staying at least a year. This move may be within a country (national migration) or between countries (international migration)
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Destination
The country where a migrant settles
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Country of Origin
The country from which a migration starts
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Immigrant
Someone entering a new country with the intention of living there
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Emigrant
Someone leaving their country of residence to move to another country
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Dependency ratio
The balance between people who are independent (work and pay tax) and those who depend on them. Ideally, fewer dependents for each independent person, the better off economically a country is.
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Formula - Dependency ratio
Number of independent people / Number of independent people X 100
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Pro-natalist
The policy or practice of encouraging the bearing of children, especially government support of a higher birth rate. / An attitude or policy that encourages child bearing.
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Economic migrant
Someone trying to improve their standard of living, who moves voluntarily
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Chloroplast Map
A map where areas are shaded to show a range of figures. The higher categories are shown in darker colours and the colours get lighter a the figures reduce
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Asylum Seekers
Are people who are at risk if they stay in their own country. They become refugees if they settle in another country
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The number of people living in an area (usually per square kilometer)

Back

Population density

Card 3

Front

Less economically developed country

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

More economically developed country

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A population in balance. Birth rate is equal to death rate, so there is no growth or decrease.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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