Gas formed from tiny particles is in constant, random motion
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How are these particles moving?
Widely spread, in straight lines between collisions
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*** can the gas collisions be described?
Elastic collisions
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How is pressure put on a surface?
Particle collisions with the inside surface, creating an outwards force
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How are volume and pressure linked?
They are inversely proportional
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What must temperature be measured in when relating to pressure?
Kelvin's
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How are temperature and pressure linked?
They are proportional (KELVIN)
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How are temperature and volume linked?
They are proportional (KELVIN)
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What is an important part of proportional/inversely proportional equation which can be found by rearranging the equation?
A constant
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What is absolute zero?
The temperature at which particles have a kinetic energy of 0, they are not moving
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What is absolute zero in Kelvins?
0K
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What is the freezing point of water in Kelvins?
273 K
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What is the boiling point of water in Kelvins?
373 K
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How would you convert degrees into Kelvins?
Add 273
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How does a change in volume affect pressure?
The gas is compressed in the smaller space; the particles are closer but as there is no temperature change they move at the same speed. The particles strike the container more often and a change in their momentum creates a force
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How does a change temperature affect pressure?
The particles have more speed, collisions have greater force, a bigger force is exerted on the container
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Why does conduction work well in solids?
Solids have tightly packed particles, constant collisions make it easy for heat to pass through
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Why in conduction slower in gases?
The particles are further away, collisions happen less often.
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Describe convection.
An area is heated, more collisions giving that area localised increase in pressure so that area expands, becomes less dense and rises to then coll, become more dense and fall back down
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