Physical Geography

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Natural hazard
a threat of a naturally occuring event that will have a negative impact on humans
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Hazard risk
the chance or probability of being affected by a natural event
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when does anatural event becoma a natural hazard
when it affects a person or people
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examples of atmospheric hazards
Rain; tornadoes; wind; drought; hurricane
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Examples of geological hazards
Volcanoes; earthquakes; landslides; avalanches
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Earthquake
A sudden violent shaking within the crust of the earth followed by a seris of smaller shocks
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Volcano
an opening in the crust of the earth, from which lava , ash and gases erupt
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Plate margin
A border between two tectonic plates
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Hot spot
A volcanic area fed by mantle from underneath
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Where do volcanoes and earthquakes occur?
Along plate margins
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Movement of plates
The crust of the earth is constantly moving. it floats around on top of the mantle amd is moved by convection currents. the crust is cracked into peices (tectonic plates). convection currents move the mantle, which in turn moves the plates above them
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lithosphere
crust of the earth`
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asthenosphere
layer of the earth between crust and mantle
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destructive plate margins
where an oceanic and continental plate meet (e.g Nazca + South American) the denser oceanic plate will be subducted beneath the continental plate. where the oceanic plate sinks into magma, it will melt and cause the magma to rise and form a volcano.
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Constructive plate margin
two plates (e.g North American and Eurasian) move apart from one another, allowing magma to force its way to the surface, and form a volcano. Over time these volcanoes can form islands.
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Conservative plate margin
Two plates (e.g. Pacific plate and North American plate) move in the same direction at different speeds. this causes strond earthquakes as plates shift against eachother. Stesses in the margins build up. There are no volcanoes
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Primary effects
Initial impact of a natural event on people and property caused directly by it
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Secondary effects
after effects that occur as indirect impacts of a natural event, sometimes on a larger time scale.
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Immediate responses
Reaction of people as the disaster happens and in the immediate aftermath
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Long-term responses
later reactions that occur in the weeks months and years after the event
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key info for Nepal earthquake
plate margin: indian/eurasian. collision margin. Ritcher scale: 7.8. Nepal in SE Asia. bordered by india+china. GDP $19.3. HDI 0.57. pop 27.8million
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Primary effects of Nepal earthquake
$5billion of damage.9000 dead.half shops destroyed.20000 injured.7000 homes destroyed.8mil affected.electricity+water cut off.villages flattened.ancient buildings destroyed.hospitals overrun.1000s homes destroyed.3mil left homeless.1.4mil need f,w,s.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

the chance or probability of being affected by a natural event

Back

Hazard risk

Card 3

Front

when it affects a person or people

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Rain; tornadoes; wind; drought; hurricane

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Volcanoes; earthquakes; landslides; avalanches

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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