Periodic Table

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  • Created by: Jan Shah
  • Created on: 10-04-13 15:38
Give two properties of metals.
high melting and boiling points, high densities, form positive ions, conducts heat, good conductors of electricity, their oxides are bases and they react with acids to give a salt and water.
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Give two properties of non-metals.
low melting and boiling points, brittle as solids even if crystalline, form negative ions and and covalent compounds and form oxides which are acidic or neutral.
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Why are the noble gases unreactive?
They are unreactive because they have a full outer shell of electrons.
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Why do element's boiling points increase down the group?
Because the weak forces between the molecules (atoms) increase.
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Describe the structure of the Group 1 elements.
They all have a metallic structure. It is a giant structure of positive ions tightly packed together surrounded by a sea of delocalised electrons. They all contain one electron in their outer shell.
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What do all Group 1 elements react with water to produce?
They produce a metal hydroxide and hydrogen.
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Write the chemical equation for sodium and water.
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) = 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g) (sodium + water = sodium hydroxide + hydrogen)
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Describe the observations seen when potassium is reacting with water.
Effervescence, get a lilac flame.
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When metal hydroxides dissolve in water what do they form?
They form alkaline solutions.
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Why does the reactivity increase down the group in Group 1?
Because it requires less energy to remove outer electron due to the increased distance away from the positive nucleus.
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What are atoms in group 7 also known as?
Halogens.
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Give the state and colour of these elements a) Fluorine b) Chlorine c) Bromine d) Iodine.
a) gas, yellow, b) gas, green, c) liquid, Dark red liquid, red/brown vapour, d) solid, Dark grey solid, purple vapour.
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What is a displacement reaction?
A displacement reaction is when a more reactive element replaces an ion of a less reactive element in a compound.
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State the observation seen when Bromine reacts with Iodide.
Red-Brown solution forms.
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What happens to the reactivity of the halogens down the group and why?
It decreases because it becomes harder to gain an electron in the outer shell due to increased distance from the positive nucleus.
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Write the word equation for Chlorine and Sodium Iodide.
Chlorine + Sodium Iodide = Sodium Chloride + Iodine
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Write the chemical equation for Bromine and Sodium Iodide.
Br2(aq) + 2NaI(aq) = 2NaBr(aq) + I2(aq) (bromine + sodium iodide = sodium bromide + iodine)
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What is another name for a displacement reaction?
Redox reactions.
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What happens in redox reactions?
Both oxidation and reduction occur at the same time.
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What oxidation and reduction?
Oxidation is the loss of electrons and reduction is the gain of electrons.
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Write the full chemical equation for potassium iodide and chlorine.
2KI(aq) + Cl2(aq) = 2KCl(aq) + I2(aq) (potassium iodide + chlorine = potassium chloride + iodine)
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Write the ionic equation for potassium iodide and bromine.
2I-(aq) + Br2(aq) = 2Br-(aq) + I2(aq)
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Which elements are reduced and which are oxidised?
The halogens are reduced and the hallide ion is oxidised.
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What is an isotope?
An isotope is an atom of the same element with a different number of protons and different number of neutrons.
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What do all elements in Group 7 react to form?
Hydrogen and Hydrogen hallides.
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Give three properties of Hydrogen hallides.
Colourless, acidic and poisonous gases, covalently bonded, solube in water forming acidic solutions.
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What forms when hydrogen chloride dissolves in water and how?
Hydrochloric acid. The hydrogen and chlorine atoms dissociate to produce hydrogen and chlorine ions.
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Why is the solution of hydrochloric acid acidic?
Due to the presence of H+ ions.
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Write the chemical equation of hydrogen chloride and water.
HCl(g) + H2O(l) = H+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
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When hydrogen chloride dissolves in methylbenzene the hydrogen chloride remains covalently bonded. Why is the solution not acidic?
There are no H+ ions present in the solution.
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State the colour of universal indicator and litmus when HCl dissolves in water.
Red for both.
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State the observation seen when magnesium reacts with HCl in water.
Effervescence.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Give two properties of non-metals.

Back

low melting and boiling points, brittle as solids even if crystalline, form negative ions and and covalent compounds and form oxides which are acidic or neutral.

Card 3

Front

Why are the noble gases unreactive?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why do element's boiling points increase down the group?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe the structure of the Group 1 elements.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

Mimi

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I really like this, I found it really useful but i was wondering if you could put the word equations as well as the chemical equations on the answers. Thanks! :)

Jan Shah

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Thanks and I have put in the word equations but not on the ionic equations!

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