These are speech patterns used by parents/care-givers when communicating with young children, particulary infants. Usually involves simplified vocab, melodic pitch, repetitive questionning and a slow tempo.
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What is parentese?
Speech patterns used to communicate to a child.
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What is LASS and who came up with it?
Language Acquisition Support System. Bruner suggested this, refers to the child's interaction with the adults around them and how this interaction supports lang development.
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Name 4 features of parentese.
Repetition : Higher pitch : Use of name over pronouns : Present tense : One-word utterances : Fewer verbs used : Interrogatives : Exaggerated pauses giving turn-taking cues.
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What did Clarke-Stewart present about parentese?
They investigated a mother and child's interaction. Stated that children whose mothers talk to them more have more extensive vocabularies.
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Which theorists stated that older children adjust their speech when speaking to younger children and that adults speak to babies a similar way to dogs?
Hirsch-Pasek and Treiman.
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What is scaffolding?
This is supporting language.
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Framing?
Setting the agenda of a conversation - asking questions to a child.
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Correction by repeating it correctly - what key term is this?
Re-casting.
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What can parentese be split into (2 types)?
Motherese and fatherese. Motherese typically contains more CDS.
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What did Vgotsky suggest in relation to parentese?
The more you talk to your child, the more they will learn.
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What did Skinner suggest in relation to parentese?
He suggested that children learn through reinforcement.
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Name and define Skinner's types of reinforcement.
Positive - encouragement/praising from adult. Negative - telling off from adult (correction) so child may learn.
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Communcation Accommodation Theory - who presents this theory?
Howard Giles.
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What is convergence in CAT?
Moving our speech closer to that of the speaker.
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What is divergence?
People's speech styles moving further apart.
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Covert Prestige?
Speech style that has a more positive value among it's users, but not valued in the larger community.
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Overt Prestige?
Language recognised as 'better' and more positively valued in the larger community.
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