Nucleotides and Nucleic acids 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyDNA, genetics and evolutionBiological moleculesBiological molecules, organic chemistry and biochemistryASOCR Created by: floberry1Created on: 25-04-17 21:37 What are the 3 components of a nucleotide? A phosphate group, a sugar and a nitrogenous base 1 of 25 What is a nucleic acid? give two examples A chain of nucleotides bonded together! e.g. DNA or RNA 2 of 25 Name the 5 nitrogenous bases Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine, Adenine & uracil 3 of 25 What are the names of the two types of nitrogenous base Purines and Pyrimidines 4 of 25 Which nitrogenous bases go in each group? Guanine and Adenine = purine, Cytosine and Thymine = pyrimidine 5 of 25 What type of bonds join the components of a nucleotide covalent bonds 6 of 25 Where is most of the DNA found in eukaryotic cells in the nucleus 7 of 25 Give the full names of both DNA and RNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) & Ribonucleic acid (RNA) 8 of 25 what kind of reaction joins two nucleotides together? and between which two subunits does this reaction occur? A condensation reaction between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the sugar of another 9 of 25 Which are bigger? purines or pyrimidines? Purines are larger 10 of 25 what is the difference between DNA and RNA RNA has an oxygen in its sugar molecule whereas DNA doesn't, it's missing an oxygen 11 of 25 what is the bond called joining two nucleotides together called? phosphodiester bond 12 of 25 What is the base pairing rule in terms of DNA composition? there always has to be equal amounts of each base in a pair e.g there is always the same % cytosine and there is guanine 13 of 25 What is it that makes DNA so specific to each person? the sequence and combination of bases. 14 of 25 what kind of a base is uracil? which of the two groups would it be in? pyrimidine 15 of 25 what happens to RNA molecules after protein synthesis they are degraded in the cytoplasm 16 of 25 in DNA replication which enzyme unzips the strands by breaking H bonds? DNA Helicase 17 of 25 Which strand is described as the leading strand? 3' -> 5' 18 of 25 Which strand is the lagging strand? 5'->3' 19 of 25 What does 'semi-conservative' replication refer to? the fact that one strand in the new molecule is new and the other is the parent strand (original) 20 of 25 which enzyme catalyses the reaction of the formation of the phosphodiester bonds between the newly laid base pairs? DNA polymerase 21 of 25 what are the fragments of DNA called when replicating the lagging strand? okazaki fragments 22 of 25 what is continuous replication? continuous replication is when there is no break or gaps in the replication (happens on the leading strand) 23 of 25 what is meant by semi conservative replication? semi conservative refers to the fact that one strand is from the original and one strand is new - forming the whole molecule 24 of 25 what is a mutation? a mutation is when the exact sequence of bases hasn't not been copied accurately 25 of 25
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