The organisms best adapted to their environments are more likely to survive to reproduce and pass on the favourable alleles to their offspring.
1 of 13
What happens in artificial selection?
Humans select the organisms with useful characteristics. Allow the useful characteristics to breed and prevent ones without the characteristics from breeding.
2 of 13
How have humans artificially selected improved breeds of cows with higher milk production?
By repeatedly selecting cows with high milk yields and allowing them to breed over many generations.
3 of 13
What is the procedure for this?
Cow's milk yield is measured and recorded. Progeny of bulls tested to see which have produced daughters with high milk yields. Semen from 1 bull collected and used to artificially inseminate many cows. Some given hormones to produce many eggs.
4 of 13
What happens to these eggs?
Eggs are fertilised in vitro and embryos implanted into surrogate mothers. Embryos could also be cloned and divided into many more identical embryos.
5 of 13
What are most wild species of wheat?
Most are diploid with 14 chromosomes.
6 of 13
What are grasses like other domesticated plants able to go through?
Undergo polyploidy as their nuclei contain more than 1 diploid set of chromosomes.
7 of 13
Describe modern bread wheat
Modern bread wheat is hexaploid (6n) having 42 chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell.
8 of 13
What are the 3 distinct genomes that modern wheat has?
AUAUBBDD
9 of 13
Where has the genome AUAU come from?
Come from a wild wheat species such as T.urartu
10 of 13
Where has the genome BB come from?
From wild emmer wheat T. turgidum
11 of 13
Where has the genome DD come from?
From a wild goat grass such as Ae. tauschii or Ae. squarrosa.
12 of 13
What characteristics do they focus on instilling in bread wheat?
Resistance to fungal infections, high protein content, increased yield, straw stiffness.
13 of 13
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What happens in artificial selection?
Back
Humans select the organisms with useful characteristics. Allow the useful characteristics to breed and prevent ones without the characteristics from breeding.
Card 3
Front
How have humans artificially selected improved breeds of cows with higher milk production?
Comments
No comments have yet been made